家蚕夏秋用四元杂交天然黄色茧新品种湘彩黄1号的选育  

Breeding of a Natural Yellow Cocoon Quaternary Hybrid Combination Xiangcaihuang 1 for Summer and Autumn Rearing

作　　者：艾均文 司马杨虎[2] 薛宏 何行健 刘昌文 徐世清[2] 郑颖 刘勇 

机构地区：[1]湖南省蚕桑科学研究所,长沙410127 [2]苏州大学医学部基础医学与生物科学学院,江苏苏州215123

出　　处：《蚕业科学》2017年第1期45-55,共11页ACTA SERICOLOGICA SINICA

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(No.CARS-22);湖南省科技支撑计划项目(No.2013NK3071);湖南省农业委员会科技重点项目(No.2010-01-05)

摘　　要：家蚕天然彩色茧是极具市场开发潜力的特色原料茧。以目前推广量最大的家蚕杂交组合932·芙蓉×7532·湘晖的2个中系品种与2个日系品种为轮回亲本,通过连续2次回交、1次自交为一轮循环的轮回回交育成法,分别从供体亲本M2中导入天然黄茧色性状控制基因,其间以丝质优良及丝长长的夏芳M、秋白M进行杂交改良。经过高温多湿环境定向培育与活蛹缫丝选择获得的育种新材料,不仅具有天然黄茧色的特性,而且综合经济性状得到改良。将这些遗传性状稳定的育种材料与其他新选育的材料进行杂交组配,经品种比较试验筛选出实用经济性状优良,具有天然黄色茧特性的家蚕新品种四元杂交组合湘彩黄1号(932XM·芙蓉XM×7532QM·湘晖QM)。实验室联合鉴定、农村饲养、种场繁育试验及茧丝色牢度检验的结果表明,天然黄色茧新品种杂交组合具有茧色稳定、体质强健、产茧量高、丝质优良、蚕种易繁育等特点,在实验室联合鉴定中的万蚕产茧量和万蚕茧层量分别比对照932·芙蓉×7532·湘晖高8.4%、11.0%,一粒茧丝长为1 124.6 m,解舒丝长871.6 m,洁净94.89分。湘彩黄1号适合在湖南省等南方蚕区的夏秋季推广饲养,已于2015年通过湖南省农作物品种审定委员会审定。Naturally colored cocoons have great developmental potential as a characteristic raw material. In this study, two Chinese-strain varieties and two Japanese-strain varieties were taken as recurrent parents, all of which were from the most widely commercialized silkworm （Bombyx mori） hybrid combination 932. Furong×7532.Xianghui. The natural yellow cocoon genes were transferred from donor parent M2 into the 4 recurrent parents by means of recurrent backcross breeding, in which each recurrent backcrossing contained two consecutive backcrosses followed by one self-cross. In addition, the other parents XiafangM and QiubaiM with characteristics of excellent silk quality and long cocoon filament were introduced to cross with the 4 newly bred materials. After directional breeding under high temperature and humidity circumstances and selection for high silk quality through live cocoon reeling, the obtained breeding materials showed not only characteristic of natural yellow cocoon but also excellent comprehensive economic characters. These genetically fixed breeding materials along with other newly selected breeding materials were subjected for hybrid combination preparation and evaluation. The naturally colored cocoon quaternary hybrid combination Xiangcaihuang 1 （932XM · FurongXM × 7532QM · XianghuiQM） with excellent practical characters was obtained based variety comparative tests. Results of laboratory co-identification, rural cocoon production test, silkworm egg reproduction test and color fastness test demonstrated that this new hybrid combination was characterized by stable color, strong vitality, high cocoon yield, high silk quality and easy egg reproduction. The performance of the new hybrid combination in laboratory co-identification test showed that its cocoon yield and cocoon shell weight per 10 000 larvae were 8.4% and 11.0% higher than those of the control hybrid combination 932-Furongx7532-Xianghui. Its length of cocoon filament was 1 124.6 m, length of non-broken cocoon filament was 871.6 m, and

关 键 词：家蚕品种 湘彩黄1号 天然黄色茧 色牢度 活蛹缫丝 经济性状 轮回回交育成法 

分 类 号：S882.2[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]