扬州市城区学龄前儿童发育性协调障碍的流行病学调查  

Epidemiological investigation of preschool children with developmental coordination disorder in Yangzhou City

作　　者：苏亭娟 孙玉叶[2] 章景丽[1] 刘章苏 邓文君[1] 左笑宇[1] 陈秋[1] 于伟平[1] 

机构地区：[1]扬州市妇幼保健院儿童保健科,江苏扬州225002 [2]大连市甘井子区疾病预防控制中心健康教育和健康促进管理科,辽宁大连116000

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2017年第2期183-186,共4页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

基　　金：江苏省科技计划项目(BE2011673);苏州市科技计划项目(SYS201145)

摘　　要：目的了解扬州市城区学龄前儿童发育性协调障碍(developmental coordination disorder,DCD)的发病情况,为DCD的早预防、早诊断、早干预提供理论依据。方法随机整群抽取扬州市城区3所幼儿园1 454名3~7岁儿童,使用儿童运动评估成套试验(movement assessment battery for Children,M-ABC)筛查儿童发育性协调障碍,使用儿童发育筛查测试(developmental screen test,DST)和韦氏学龄前及幼儿智力量表(the Wechsler preschool and primary scale of intelligence,WPPSI)剔除智力落后儿童,采用美国精神病诊断手册第四版(the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders-IV,DSM-IV)确诊DCD。结果调查发现学龄前儿童DCD异常和可疑率分别为5.2%和12.0%。男童DCD异常及可疑率(7.3%和14.0%)高于女童(2.7%和9.7%),M-ABC实验得分差异体现在手灵巧度和动态平衡两个方面(均有P<0.001)。不同年龄的儿童DCD异常及可疑率不同(x^2=18.502,P=0.005),由高到底依次为4~岁组、6~7岁组、5~岁组和3~岁组,M-ABC实验得分差异体现在手灵巧度和目标抓握两个方面(均有P<0.001)。结论扬州市城区学龄前儿童DCD患病率不容乐观,手灵巧度和目标抓握能力相对落后。应根据不同性别、不同年龄儿童的运动协调发展特点,加强其整体运动协调能力训练。Objective To analyze the developing level of developmental coordination disorder （DCD） in preschool children in Yangzhou, so as to provide a theoretical basis for early prevention, diagnosis and intervention of DCD. Meth- ods 1 454 children aged from 3 to 7 years in three kindergartens of Yangzhou were recruited to the movement assessment battery for children test （M-ABC） by random. Developmental screen test （DST）and the Wechsler preschool and primary scale of intelligence （WPPSI） were used to exclude the mentally retarded （MR） children. DCD was diagnosed using the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental Disorders-IV （DSM-IV）. Results The survey found that 5.2% children suf- fered from DCD, 12. 0% children were suspicious with it. The incidences of DCD in boys and suspected case （7. 3% and 14. 0% ） were higher than those in girls （2. 7% and 9. 7% ）, which were different in manual dexterity and dynamic equi- librium （all P 〈 0. 001 ）. The incidences of children with DCD and suspected case varied in different aged children （Z2 = 18. 502,P =0. 005）, from 4 - group, 6 -7 group, 5 - group and 3 - group by descending. M-ABC scores were different in manual dexterity and target grip （ all P 〈 0. 001 ）. Conclusions The prevalence of DCD in preschool children in Yang- zhou was not optimistic, the capacities of manual dexterity and target grip were developed retardation relatively. The train- ing should be strengthened to improve the movement coordination of children, depending on the features of coordination in different genders and ages.

关 键 词：儿童 学龄前 发育障碍 流行病学 

分 类 号：R181.2[医药卫生—流行病学]