高秆大穗型鲜食甜玉米栽培密度和优化施肥研究  

Planting Density and Optimize Fertilization of Fresh Sweet Corn with High Stem and Big Ear

作　　者：胡春花[1] 谢良商[1] 曾建华[1] 符传良 潘效忠 

机构地区：[1]海南省农业科学院农业环境和土壤研究所,海南海口571100

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2017年第3期38-41,74,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：海南省应用技术研发与示范推广专项项目"水果玉米新品种筛选及优质高效栽培技术研究与应用(ZDXM2015040)"

摘　　要：[目的]探讨适宜海南土壤类型和品种特性的鲜食甜玉米高产高效栽培技术。[方法]以高秆大穗型鲜食甜玉米新品种泰鲜甜1号为试验材料,进行不同密度、不同施肥效应的栽培试验。[结果]泰鲜甜1号在海南最适宜的种植密度在3.75万~4.50万株/hm^2;氮、磷、钾肥的贡献顺序为氮最大,其次是磷,最后是钾;氮、磷、钾施肥量均与产量呈一元二次抛物线方程,且方程均显著;当N、P_2O_5、K_2O为336、160、213 kg/hm^2,施肥比例为N∶P_2O_5∶K_2O=1.00∶0.50∶0.65时,可获得最佳经济产量,此时氮、磷、钾肥的肥料利用率、肥料效益较高。[结论]该研究结果适用于高秆大穗型鲜食甜玉米品种在海南中等肥力土壤上的种植。[ Objective ] To explore efficient cultivation techniques that were suitable for Hainan soll type and varietal characteristic. [ Method ] With fresh sweet corn Thai sweet No. 1 as the experimental material, different densities, different fertilizer cultivation experiments were done. [ Result] The results showed that the Thai sweet No. 1 in hainan was the most suitable planting density in 37 500 -45 000 plants/hm^2 ;The contribution of nitrogen, phosphorus and potash was that nitrogen was the largest, followed by phosphorus, finally was potassium;Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer rate and yield presented a yuan quadratic parabolic equation, and the equations were significantly ; When P2 O5 , K2O was 336, 160, 213 kg/hm^2, fertilizer proportion of N： P2O5 ： K2O = 1.00： 0.50： 0.65, could obtain the best economic yield, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer utilization rate and fertilizer efficiency was higher. [ Conclusion ] The research results apply for cultivation of high stalk, fresh sweet corn varieties in Hainan middle fertile soil .

关 键 词：高秆大穗型 甜玉米 密度 施肥 产量 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]