野扁桃的繁育系统研究  

Study on Breeding System of Amygdalus ledebouriana

作　　者：程靖[1] 李疆[1] 罗淑萍[1] 陆婷[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学林学与园艺学院,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2017年第2期242-247,共6页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31260186)~~

摘　　要：为研究孑遗植物野扁桃的繁育系统,采用野外观测、荧光显微观察及统计分析方法对野扁桃的繁育系统进行研究。结果表明,该种单花开花持续时间为8d,花冠直径为(24.79±0.40)mm;花粉活力在刚散粉时最高达96.88%,在第17天半数花粉失去活性,第28天花粉完全失去活性;柱头在开花第1~3天可授性最强,可持续7d;杂交指数为3;自花花粉和异花花粉均能在柱头上萌发,授异花花粉59h后,花粉管进入子房。人工控制授粉试验表明,自花、异花授粉均能结实,需要昆虫传粉媒介。以上结果说明,野扁桃属于混合交配繁育系统类型,需要传粉者。A. ledebouriana is a relict species in Xinjiang. Its breeding system was studied by field ob- servation, fluorescence microscopy observation and statistical analysis methods. The results showed that the flowering process of single flower lasted for 8 days and the corolla diameter was （24.79±0.40） mm;the pollen viability was 96.88% at beginning, half pollen lost activity after 17 days and all pollens lost activity in the 28 th day; stigma had highest receptivity from 1 to 3 days at blossoming stage, lasting 7 days;the outcrossing index was 3;pollens in both self-pollination and cross-pollination germinated on the stigma, and pollen tubes could reach the ovary after 59 hours in cross-pollination. The study of artificial pollination showed that both self-pollination and cross-pollination were fertile, which it needed insects to be the pollination media. The results suggested that the breeding system is self-compatible and pollinators is needed.

关 键 词：野扁桃 杂交指数 授粉试验 繁育系统 

分 类 号：S662.9[农业科学—果树学]