旋流泵反转透平水力和汽蚀性能的CFD预测  

A CFD Prediction of Hydraulic and Cavitation Performance of a Vortex Pump as Turbine

作　　者：李文广[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学能源动力工程学院,甘肃兰州730050 [2]格拉斯哥大学工学院

出　　处：《西华大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第1期60-68,共9页Journal of Xihua University:Natural Science Edition

摘　　要：旋流泵有无堵塞以及它的耐磨损性能,使其具有作为透平应用于多杂物多泥沙河流发电和工业固液两相流程余能回收的可能性,但该方面的研究目前还是空白。本文采用CFD方法计算比转速为76的旋流泵反转作为透平时的单相和空化紊流流动,在泵工况下将水力和汽蚀性能计算结果与试验值进行对比。结果表明:旋流泵可以作为透平产生动力,但透平最优工况与泵最优工况相距较远,汽蚀性能也差很多;尾水管存在与叶轮同向旋转的涡流,其中心存在空腔涡带。汽蚀性能的改善和空腔涡带的控制可能是未来要解决的关键问题。Vortex pumps allow solid materials in the liquid pumped to pass through them and are subject to slight erosion in their hydraulic components compared with ordinary centrifugal pumps. Thus they have the potential to harness hydraulic energy in rivers with substantial debris and sediment and residual liquid pressure energy in solid - liquid two - phase flow processes in industry. However, whether this type pump can be used as turbine remains free from attack currently. In the paper, the non - cavitating and cavitating tur-bulent flows in a vortex pump with a specific speed of 76 were simulated by using CFD method when it operates as turbine. In the pump mode,its non - cavitating and cavitating performance predicted was compared with the experimental data. It is demonstrated that the vortex pump can operate as turbine to generate a certain shaft - power. Unfortunately, the best efficiency point in the turbine mode is farther from that in the pump mode, but the turbine cavitation performance is also much poorer than the pump mode. In the draft tube, the liquid is in rotation with the same direction as the impeller. Additionally, there is a cavitating vortex rope in the center of the tube. The cavitation performance improvement and cavitating vortex rope control may be the key problems to be solved in the future.

关 键 词：旋流泵 液力透平 性能 汽蚀余量 空化 CFD 

分 类 号：TK72[动力工程及工程热物理—流体机械及工程] TK73[交通运输工程—轮机工程]