黄土高原天然草地藻和藓结皮土壤养分特征与差异  

Soil Nutrients Characteristics and Differences of Algae and Mosscrusts in Natural Grasslands of the Loess Plateau,China

作　　者：韩炳宏 牛得草[1] 石明明[1] 袁晓波[1] 吴淑娟[1] 时光[1] 傅华[1] HAN Bing-hong NIU De-cao SHI Ming-ming YUAN Xiao-bo WU Shu-juan SHI Guang FU Hua(State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystem, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology ,Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020,China The Meteorology Station of Xinghai County of Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Qinghai Province, Xinghai 813399, China)

机构地区：[1]草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室/兰州大学草地农业科技学院,甘肃兰州730020 [2]青海省海南藏族自治州兴海县气象局,青海海南813399

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2017年第1期56-62,共7页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0500506);国家科技基础性工作专项(2012FY111900);兰州大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(lzujbky-2014-78);兰州大学"本科教学工程"国家级大学生创新创业训练计划(201510730100);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20120211110029);长江学者和创新团队发展计划(IRT13019)资助

摘　　要：采用野外调查和室内试验相结合的方法对黄土高原天然草地藻和藓结皮层及其下层土壤养分含量进行了分析比较。结果表明,藻和藓结皮的存在致使结皮层土壤养分的富集特征存在差异,藓结皮层土壤SOC、TN、TP、Na、Ca、Cu和Zn含量存在明显的富集现象,其富集系数分别为160.76%、49.68%、12.27%、8.70%、12.04%、25.00%和71.18%;而藻结皮层AN和AP含量有明显的富集,系数分别为241.38%和237.13%。另外,藓结皮SOC、TN、AN、TP、AP和K含量均显著高于藻结皮,而Ca含量则显著低于藻结皮。此外,藻和藓结皮层土壤养分含量的差异明显大于结皮下层,且藻和藓结皮不同土层土壤养分含量间的相关关系存在差别,其中藓结皮层SOC、TN、AN、Na和Cu均相互表现为正相关关系,而藻结皮层SOC、TN、AN、TP、AP和Na均相互正相关。因此,藻和藓结皮对草地土壤养分的富集和退化草地培育改良具有重要作用。In order to explore the soil nutrient characteristics and differences of algae and moss crust on the Loess Plateau grassland, the crust layer and the lower soil nutrient contents of algae and moss were analyzed and compared with the methods of field investigation combined with indoor test on the Loess Plateau natural grassland. The results showed that the algae and moss crust caused the differences of crusts layer soil nutrient enrichment characteristics. SOC, TN, TP, Na, Ca, Cu and Zn contents in moss crust layer existed obvious enrichment phenomenon, the enrichment coefficients were 160. 76%, 49. 68%, 12.27%, 8.70%, 12.04%, 25.00% and 12.04%; and AN and AP contents in algae crust layer had obvious enrichment phenomenon, coefficient was 241. 38% and 237. 13%, respectively. In addition, SOC, TN, AN, TP, AP and K contents in moss crust were significantly higher than that in algal crust, but Ca contents was significantly lower than algal crust. Moreover, the soil nutrient contents difference of algae and moss crust layer was bigger than the lower crusts, and there was a different correlation in soil nutrient contents of algae and moss crust in different soil layers, there was a positive correlation relationship between SOC, TN, AN, Na and Cu in moss crust layer, and SOC, TN, AN, TP, AP and Na in algae crust layer were positively related to each other. Therefore, algae and moss crust played an important role in en- hancing soil nutrient contents and improving degraded grassland.

关 键 词：土壤结皮 土壤养分 富集效应 黄土高原 

分 类 号：S812.2[农业科学—草业科学]