不规则抗体筛查及阳性抗体分布情况调查分析  

Irregular Antibody Screening and Investigation of Ppositive Antibody Distribution

作　　者：熊荣 许广芳[2] 洪伟晋 杨姣 浦淑林 王炳龙 罗海英 XIONG Rong XU Guang-fang HONG Wei-jin et al(The People＇s Hospital of Wenshan City, Wenshan 663000, Chin)

机构地区：[1]文山市人民医院,云南文山663000 [2]昆明医科大学第二附属医院 [3]南方医科大学第一临床医学院

出　　处：《中外医学研究》2017年第4期51-53,共3页CHINESE AND FOREIGN MEDICAL RESEARCH

摘　　要：目的:了解文山市医院住院患者中不规则抗体检出率及阳性抗体分布情况,探讨与临床安全输血的关系。方法:采用盐水法、凝聚胺法和微柱凝胶抗球蛋白法对住院患者血样进行不规则抗体筛选。结果:使用盐水法和凝聚胺方法检测13148例普通住院患者血型不规则抗体,阳性4例,阳性率0.03%(4/13 148)。使用微柱凝胶抗球蛋白法检测6233例拟输血或手术备血患者血型不规则抗体,阳性20例,阳性率0.32%(20/6233)。24例不规则抗体阳性患者中,女性较多,占66.67%(16/24),男性仅占33.33%(8/24);血型系统以RH系统最多,占70.83%(17/24);抗体以抗-E多见,占41.67%(10/24);民族以汉族居多,占58.33%(14/24),壮族次之,占20.83%(5/24);24例中20例有输血史或妊娠史或两者兼有,占83.33%(20/24),4例患者无输血史或妊娠史,占16.67%(4/24)。结论:医疗单位做好不规则抗体筛查与特异性鉴定,了解阳性抗体的分布情况,对拟输血者很有帮助,特别是对多次输血或妊娠的患者可以提前预警,有利于寻找到合适的血液,对保障安全有效的输血至关为重要。Objective： To understand the irregular antibody detection rate and the distribution of positive antibody of patients in Wenshan City Hospital, to explore the relationship and clinical safety of blood transfusion.Method ： By the methods of brine, condensed amine and micro column gel antiglobulin method were uesd for screening hospitalized patients blood samples on irregular antibody screening.Result： The methods of brine and condensed amine was used to detect 13148 cases of hospitalized patients with normal blood type irregular antibodies, 4 cases were positive, positive rate was 0.03% （4/13 148）.Micro column gel antiglobulin method was used to detect 6233 cases to blood transfusion or surgery for patients with irregular antibody, blood type of 20 patients with positive rate of 0.32% （20/6233）.In 24 patients with irregular antibody positive, more women, 66.67% （16/24）, men accounted for 33.33%（8/24）.Most system with RH blood type, accounting for 70.83% （17/2g）.The antibody was anti-E, accounting for 41.67%（10/24）.Ethnic majority with the han nationality, accounted for 58.33% （14/.24）, and then was zhuang nationality, accounted for 20.83% （5/24）.24 cases in the history of 20 patients with a history of blood transfusion or pregnancy, or both, accounted for 83.33% （20/24）, 4 cases of patients with no history of blood transfusion or pregnancy, 16.67% （4/24）.Conclusion： Completing the irregular antibody screening and specificity identification, understanding tbe distribution of positive antibody, is very helpful to a transfusion, especially in patients with multiple blood transfusion or pregnancy can early warning, to find the suitable blood, is very important for ensuring safe and effective transfusion.

关 键 词：红细胞血型 不规则抗体 抗体筛查 安全输血 

分 类 号：R446.6[医药卫生—诊断学]