宁南山区泥石流灾害危险性量化评价研究  

Quantitative assessment of debris flow hazards in the mountain-areas of southern Ningxia

作　　者：尚慧[1] 倪万魁[2,3] 罗东海[4] 

机构地区：[1]西安科技大学地质与环境学院,陕西西安710054 [2]长安大学地质工程与测绘学院,陕西西安710054 [3]冻土工程国家重点实验室,甘肃兰州730050 [4]中国煤炭地质总局航测遥感局,陕西西安710199

出　　处：《西安科技大学学报》2017年第1期63-70,共8页Journal of Xi’an University of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41572287);陕西省教育厅专项科研计划项目(16JK1503)

摘　　要：宁夏回族自治区是中国实施"一带一路"战略的重要枢纽地带,由于地处黄土高原地区,崩、滑、流等地质灾害十分发育,以宁夏南部山区尤为突出,严重制约该地区的经济可持续发展。为了对泥石流灾害危险性进行量化评价,基于宁南山区地质灾害详细调查资料的分析,阐述了宁南山区泥石流发育特征和分布规律,构建了包括泥石流点密度、平均坡度、流域相对高差、侵蚀程度、流域面积、沟床比降、降雨等7个指标的泥石流灾害危险程度评价指标体系。采用最优组合赋权法确定各指标权重值,并基于GIS对各指标进行提取和分级量化,应用综合评判法按斜坡单元进行叠加计算。进而,采用突变点法将泥石流危险程度分为低危险、中危险和高危险3个等级,取得了较好的评价效果,与实地调查结果相符,可为宁南山区泥石流灾害风险评估及工程建设中防灾减灾提供可靠理论依据。Ningxia Autonomous Region is a key zone of ＂the Belt and Road＂strategy implementation in China. Geologic hazards such as collapse,landslide and debris flow,etc. are well-developed in the region,extremely in mountain areas of southern Ningxia,located in the Loess Plateau region. The hazards seriously restrict the sustainable economic development in the region. Based on analysis of the investigated data of geologic hazards in the region,this paper discussed the development characteristics and distribution rules of debris flows in the mountain areas of southern Ningxia. Hazard zonation evaluating system for debris flow was constructed,considering 7 indexes including point density,average gradient,valley relative relief,erosion degree,basin area,gully-bed gradient and precipitation. In order to guarantee rationality of the index weight,the optimal combination weighting method was used in the weight determination. Then,evaluation indexes were extracted,classified,quantized and superposition calculated according to slope units by application of comprehensive evaluation method based on GIS. Based on the calculated results,the danger level was divided into high risk-degree,middle risk-degree and low riskdegree using the catastrophe point method. The evaluation results are consistent with the field investigation results. This work provides a theoretical basis for risk assessment of debris flow hazards,disaster prevention and reduction in engineering constructions in the region.

关 键 词：泥石流 危险性区划 斜坡单元 最优组合赋权法 综合评判法 

分 类 号：P694[天文地球—地质学]