工科学生物理实验能力量化研究初探  

QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH OF THE ABILITIES FOR PHYSICS EXPERIMENT ON EDUCATION EVALUATION

作　　者：田霖鹏 吕思颍 朱亚彬[1] 彭继迎[1] 范玲[1] 韩笑[1] 张进宏[1] 张斌[1] Tian Linpeng Lv Siying Zhu Yabin Peng Jiying Fan Ling Han Xiao Zhang Jinhong Zhang Bin(School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学理学院,北京100044

出　　处：《物理与工程》2017年第1期37-43,共7页Physics and Engineering

基　　金：北京交通大学校级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(150170045)

摘　　要：物理实验是工科院校的必修基础课程,物理实验能力的量化测评一直是个难点。本文根据加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚大学物理实验能力测试相关工作和本校物理实验教学的实际情况,挑选7道题目,又自行编写3道题目,构成一份物理实验能力的测试卷。对本校400多名本科生进行了前测和后测,有效问卷300多份。运用统计学方法,对单个题目和整体试卷进行统计量化计算(如难度系数、差异系数和点双列系数,整套题的Ferguson's delta)。结果表明,此测试卷的平均难度系数、平均差异系数和平均点双列系数都在合理范围内;整套题目的 Ferguson's delta为0.85,接近期待值0.9。虽然问卷的克伦巴赫信度低,但是通过对测试问卷进行显著性检验,结果显示此问卷可行。Physics experiment is one of the basic compulsory courses in engineering university. Quantitative evaluation of the physics experiment abilities has always been a difficulty topic. Based on relevant works of the University of British Columbia （Canada） and the actual situation of physics experiment teaching in our university, seven questions were selected from the test used in the University of British Columbia, and three self-designed questions were added to form a questionnaire for physics experiment evaluation. Pre-test and post-test were conducted among a total of 400 undergraduates in our university and 300 were valid. Statistical quantitative calculation was employed in each question and the questionnaire as a whole （Including the difficulty index, the discrimination index, the point biserial coefficient and the Ferguson＇s delta of the questionnaire）. The results showed that the average of the difficulty index, the discrimination index, the point biserial coefficient of this questionnaire were in reasonable range, and the Ferguson＇s delta of the questionnaire was 0.85, which was close to the expected value of 0. 9. As shown in the results, although the Cronbach reliability was low, this questionnaire was still feasible after significance test.

关 键 词：物理实验能力 量化研究 测试问卷 统计学方法 

分 类 号：O4-4[理学—物理] G642[文化科学—高等教育学]