PCR诊断技术用于奶牛乳房炎病原菌快速检测的研究进展  

Research Progress in PCR Diagnosis Technology of Bovine Mastitis Pathogens

作　　者：王丹[1] 杨峰[1] 李新圃[1] 罗金印[1] 张哲[1] 刘龙海[1] 张亚茹[1] 张莉莉[2] 李宏胜[1] Wang Dan Yang Feng Li Hongsheng et al(Lanzhou Institute of Animal Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Discovery, Ministry of Agriculture , Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, Chin)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所,农业部兽用药物创制重点实验室,甘肃省新兽药工程重点实验室,兰州730050 [2]兰州大学公共卫生学院,兰州730000

出　　处：《中国草食动物科学》2017年第1期47-49,54,共4页China Herbivore Science

基　　金：“十二五”国家科技支撑计划(2012BAD12B03);甘肃省科技支撑计划(144NKCA240);甘肃省农业科技创新项目(GNCX-2013-59);中国农业科学院奶牛疾病研究创新工程项目(CAAS-ASTIP-2014-LIHPS-03)

摘　　要：奶牛乳房炎是一种严重影响奶牛业发展的常见多发病,不仅给乳品业造成巨大的经济损失,而且还影响乳品质量,危及人类健康。目前,对于奶牛乳房炎的治疗大部分奶牛场基本都是在不明确病原菌的情况下滥用抗生素,造成病原菌耐药性增加,治疗效果下降。为了有效治疗奶牛乳房炎,对奶牛乳房炎病原菌的早期快速诊断至关重要。由于传统的乳房炎病原菌的检测方法存在操作繁琐、耗时长、灵敏度低及无法检测抗生素乳样中病原菌等缺陷,因此,临床上急需一种快速、灵敏、简便的检测方法。作者对目前用于奶牛乳房炎病原菌诊断的普通PCR法、多重PCR法、实时荧光定量PCR法、巢氏PCR诊断法以及PCR检测试剂盒等进行了综述,并分析了这些方法的优缺点,同时对未来奶牛乳房炎病原菌诊断的研究方向和前景进行了展望,以期为进一步开发快速、特异、敏感的奶牛乳房炎病原菌诊断技术提供理论参考。Dairy cow mastitis is a common disease affecting the development of dairy industry. It causes serious economic loss to dairy farming,and affects the yield and quality of milk,endangers human health.At present,the antibiotics were abused in the treatments of dairy cow mastitis with unclearing pathogens caused,resulting in increasement of pathogen resistance and decreasement of the treatment effects.There are a few shortcomings in traditional detection method for mastitis pathogen dignosis,such as complicated operation,time- consuming,low sensitivity and no effect on pathogens in milk samples of antibiotics,so that a rapid,sensitive and simple detection method is urgently needed.The rapid diagnosis of mastitis are crucial for the effectively treatment of the dairy cow mastitis. In order to provide theoretical basis for developing rapid,specific and sensitive diagnosis of dairy cow mastitis pathogens,the author summarized the traditional PCR,multiplex PCR,real time PCR,nested PCR and detection kit etc,and analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of these methods.

关 键 词：PCR 奶牛 乳房炎 病原菌 

分 类 号：S858.23[农业科学—临床兽医学]