基于CFD的轮胎滑水及其性能影响因素分析  

Reserch on Flow Field and Influencing Factors of Tire Hydroplaning Based on CFD Method

作　　者：周海超[1] 陈磊[1] 翟辉辉[2] 雷利利[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏大学汽车与交通工程学院,江苏镇江212013 [2]镇江高等专科学校汽车工程学院,江苏镇江212013

出　　处：《重庆交通大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第1期110-116,共7页Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science)

基　　金：中国博士后基金项目(2015M 571681);江苏大学高级人才项目启动基金项目(1291120046);江苏省汽车工程重点实验室开放基金项目(CXLX13_676);江苏大学2015年校级大学生实践创新训练项目(201510299231W)

摘　　要：轮胎滑水性能对车辆安全性和操控性具有决定性影响,而花纹结构设计参数直接影响着轮胎接地区水流运动进而对轮胎滑水性能也会产生直接影响。但由于滚动轮胎的滑水性能测试条件极为苛刻,且很难捕获到滑水现象发生时水流运动流场特性。为明晰滑水现象发生时的流场特性及花纹结构设计参数对滑水性能的影响,基于计算流体动力学的方法,建立考虑轮胎接地印痕及花纹变形特征的滑水分析模型,掌握了水膜升力、自由液面及沟槽内水流速度等流场分布特征,分析了水膜厚度、水流速度、纵向花纹及横花纹结构设计对滑水性能的影响。结果表明:在水膜厚度较小时,路面水流可顺畅进入接地区花纹沟并被及时排出;水流速度的变化对胎面动水压力有显著影响;纵向花纹沟深度对滑水性能影响显著;改变横向花纹沟水流运动方向、降低胎面动水压力可提升滑水性能。Tire hydroplaning performance has a decisive influence on vehicle safety and maneuverability, and the pattern structure design parameters directly affect the tire contact area of water movement, which will have a direct impact on tire hydroplaning performance. But due to tire hydroplaning performance test conditions are extremely harsh, and it is difficult to capture the water flow characteristics when hydroplaning occurs. In order to clear the effect of the flow characteristics and pattern structure design parameters on hydroplaning performance when hydroplaning occurs, the hydroplaning analysis model with tire footprint and pattern deformation was established by virtual of the computational fluid dynamics method, and get the flow field distribution features of water film lift, free liquid surface and the groove flow speed. The effects of water film thick- ness, flow velocity, longitudinal pattern and the cross pattern structure design on hydroplaning performance were analyzed. The results show the water can enter freely the grooves and drainage in the thinner; the circumferential patterns have important influence on tire hydroplaning and adding the number of transverse pattern in footprint can decrease hydrody- namic pressure.

关 键 词：车辆工程 轮胎滑水 花纹设计 流场特性 仿真分析 

分 类 号：U463[机械工程—车辆工程]