高寒牧区草地生态系统健康动态评价——以甘南地区为例  

Dynamic assessment of alpine pasture grassland ecosystem health——A case study from the Gannan region

作　　者：赵玉婷[1] 李文龙[1] 陈迪[1] 余翠[1] 赵新来[1] 许静 郭旭临 

机构地区：[1]草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室兰州大学草地农业科技学院,甘肃兰州730020 [2]兰州财经大学农林经济管理学院,甘肃兰州730020 [3]加拿大萨斯喀彻温大学地理与规划系

出　　处：《草业科学》2017年第1期16-29,共14页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31170430;41471450);国家社会科学基金(14CJY010);草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室开放基金(SKLGAE201406);长江学者和教育部创新团队发展计划(IRT13019);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(lzujbky-2016-br05);中央高校自由探索优秀研究生创新项目(2022016zr0185)

摘　　要：基于"压力-状态-响应"(pressure-state-response,PSR)模型,从压力、状态、响应3个层面选取17个指标构建了甘南州高寒牧区草地生态系统健康评价体系。采用AHP层次分析法,对甘南州2001-2013年草地生态系统健康进行了动态评价,并结合GIS/RS技术,分析了甘南州草地生态系统健康状况空间变化特征。评价结果表明,1)草地生态系统健康等级为低健康水平、较低健康水平、中等健康水平、较高健康水平及高健康水平的区域分别占总面积的3.82%、23.5%、0.82%、53.06%及18.81%。卓尼、舟曲、迭部、玛曲、碌曲草地生态系统为较高健康水平,合作、临潭、夏河为较低健康水平。2)近13年来,甘南州高寒牧区草地生态系统健康负向变化趋势明显,占总面积的68.01%,27.75%的面积呈稳定变化趋势,呈正向变化的区域仅占总面积的4.18%。The ＂Pressure-State-Response＂ （PSR） model considers the 3 ecosystem aspects of pressure, state, and response. Seventeen indicators were chosen to build a PSR indicator system for the assessment of alpine grassland ecosystem health in Gannan. Using the application of Analytic Hierarchy Process （AHP） and GIS/ RS, alpine grassland ecosystem health was assessed from 2001 to 2013. Meanwhile, the spatial and temporal variation characteristics of ecosystem health assessment were analyzed. We found that grassland ecosystem health level can be graded as one of the following levels of health： very low, low, medium, high, and very high, which respectively amount to 3.82%, 23.5%, 0.82%0, 53.06%, and 18.81% of the total area. Grassland ecosystems of Zhuoni, Zhouqu, Diebu, Maqu, and Luqu were found to be very high in their level of health, while those of Hezuo, Lintan, and Xiahe were of low health. We also found that the Gannan alpine grassland ecosystem health showed an obviously declining trend over the past 13 years, with 68.01% of the total area deteriorating in health, 27.75% staying the same, and only 4.18% improving.

关 键 词：高寒牧区 草地生态系统 健康评价 GIS/RS PSR模型 AHP分析 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]