深水浊积水道沉积构型模式及沉积演化:以西非M油田为例  

Architecture Model and Sedimentary Evolution of Deepwater Turbidity Channel:A Case Study of M Oilfield in West Africa

作　　者：张文彪[1] 段太忠[1] 刘志强[1] 刘彦锋[1] 杨志成 徐睿[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石化石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083 [2]中海石油(中国)有限公司天津分公司,天津300452

出　　处：《地球科学（中国地质大学学报）》2017年第2期273-285,共13页Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences

基　　金：国家"十三五"科技重大专项项目(No.2016ZX05033-003-002)

摘　　要：浊积水道是深水油田的重要储层类型,其构型模式制约油田的高效开发.依据岩心、露头、测井及地震资料,采用地震地层学、地震沉积学、沉积岩石学的方法对西非M油田中下陆坡区浊积水道进行了半定量-定量化构型模式研究,并分析了其沉积演化规律.结果表明:研究区3~5级构型单元为单一水道、复合水道、水道体系;单一水道弯曲度与坡度呈负相关,水道内部岩石相充填由底部到顶部、轴部到边缘粒度变细,厚度变薄;复合水道内部单一水道在平面上存在侧向和沿古流向两种迁移类型,剖面上存在水平式、斜列式和摆动式3种叠置样式.M油田O73油组主要发育半限制性和非限制性水道体系,平面上近物源端以发育半限制性水道体系为主,远物源端以发育非限制性水道体系为主;垂向演化规律以非限制性水道体系内部最为典型,从底部到顶部,单一水道下切能力逐渐减弱,侧向加积能力逐渐增强,弯曲度逐渐增大,水道砂体规模逐渐变小.综合分析表明,古地形坡度和物源供给是控制M油田浊积水道沉积类型及演化的主要因素.As an important reservoir type in deepwater environment,turbidite channel and studies on its architecture are important t for efficient development of an oil field.In order to clearly understand the reservoir architecture of M oilfield,a semiquantitative to quantitative study on turbidite channel depositional architecture patterns was conducted by analyses of seismic stratigraphy,seismic sedimentology and sedimentary petrography of the middle to lower slope at M oilfield,West Africa,and the sedimentary evolution was analyzed on the basis of core,outcrop,logging and seismic data.Results show that in the study area,stages 3 to 5are single channel,complex channel,and channel system respectively.Single channel sinuosity is negatively correlated with slope,and internal grain size becomes increasingly fine and thickness decreases from bottom to top and from the axis to the edge.The migration type of a single channel within one complex channel can be divided into lateral migration and along paleocurrent migration horizontally,and lateral stack,echelon stack,and swing stack in section view.O73 channel system comprises of a semi-confining type and a non-confining type.Horizontally,there is semi-confining channel system close to the source while non-confining one far away from it.In terms of vertical evolution,it is most typically displayed within nonconfining channel system,which shows decreasing undercutting and more lateral accretion,larger sinuosity and smaller channel sand body from the bottom up.Comprehensive analyses indicate that controlling factors of M oilfield turbidite sedimentarymodel and its evolution are paleotography slope and source supply.

关 键 词：储层构型 浊积水道 沉积模式 深水勘探 石油地质 

分 类 号：P618.13[天文地球—矿床学]