广州市2011-2015年常见鼠传疾病流行病学分析  

Epidemiological analysis of common rodent-borne diseases from 2011 to 2015 in Guangzhou City

作　　者：魏跃红[1] 王大虎[1] 鲁影[1] 李晓宁[1] 吴新伟[1] 陶霞[1] 陈守义[1] 杨智聪[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州市疾病预防控制中心,广东510440

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2017年第2期126-128,132,共4页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金(2015A030313813);广东省省级科技计划项目(2013B0218000280);广州市科技计划项目(201607010130)

摘　　要：目的探讨广州市常见鼠传疾病流行病学特征,为鼠传疾病防控提供科学依据。方法从中国疾病预防控制信息系统中收集广州市2011-2015年常见鼠传疾病报告病例基本信息,用描述性流行病学方法分析其流行病学特征。结果 2011-2015年广州市共报告4种鼠传疾病病例4 547例,其中鼠疫、肾综合征出血热、恙虫病、钩体病年平均发病率分别为0.00/10万、1.02/10万、6.01/10万、0.05/10万。出血热和恙虫病发病有一定的季节性,中心城区出血热发病构成较大,恙虫病和钩体病发病以城乡结合部和农村区域为主。出血热和恙虫病发病人群以青壮年为主,钩体病发病人群以中老年为主。结论广州市2011-2015年常见鼠传疾病发病水平整体相对平稳,呈小幅下降趋势,但发病风险仍然存在,需继续加强监测和预防控制。Objective To determine the epidemiological features of common rodent - borne diseases and provide a scientific ba- sis for prevention and control of rodent - borne diseasesl. Methods The basic information of cases of common rodent - borne dis- eases in Guangzhou from 2011 to 2015 was collected from the National Disease Surveillance Information Reporting System. The descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the epidemiological features of rodent - borne diseases. Results A total of 4 547 cases of four rodent - borne diseases were repotted from 2011 to 2015 in Guangzhou. The average annual incidence rates of plague, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome（ HFRS）, scrub typhus and leptospirosis were 0.00/100 000, 1.02/100 000, 6. 01/100 000 and 0.05/100 000, respectively. The incidence of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and scrub typhus had some seasonal characteristics. HFRS was mainly incident in the central urban area, while scrub typhus and leptospirosis were oc- curred mainly in suburban and rural areas. HFRS and scrub typhus occurred mainly in the young, while leptospirosis were mainly seen in the middle - aged and elderly. Conclusion The incidence of four common rodent - borne diseases in Guangzhou from 2011 to 2015 was relatively stable, with a slight downward trend, while the risk still exists. The surveillance and prevention and control of rodent - borne diseases should continue to be strengthened.

关 键 词：鼠传疾病 肾综合征出血热 恙虫病 钩体病 流行特征 

分 类 号：R181.81[医药卫生—流行病学]