内蒙古某市新装修居室内VOCs污染现状调查  

Investigation on indoor air pollution of VOCs caused by indoor decoration in city of Inner Mongolia

作　　者：陈文婕[1] 王文瑞[1] 徐晓峰[1] 蒲云霞[1] 胡月玲[2] 戴红[2] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古自治区疾病预防控制中心,呼和浩特010031 [2]内蒙古医科大学

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2017年第2期201-203,206,共4页Journal of Medical Pest Control

摘　　要：目的调查新近装修居室空气中挥发性有机化学物质(volatile ganic compounds,VOCs)的污染状况,为控制和消除室内空气污染提供依据。方法按装修完成时间分为3组(≤6个月、6~12个月,12~18个月)进行VOCs物质监测,以固相萃取-气相色谱法检测VOCs类物质。结果 VOCs类5种污染物均有不同程度检出,分别为苯、甲苯、二甲苯、三氯乙烯、四氯乙烯。其中苯、甲苯和二甲苯的检出率和超标率最高,总挥发性有机物(Total Volatile Organic Compounds)最高检出浓度为9.22 mg/m3,点超标率和户超标率分别为26.47%、28.57%;苯最高检出浓度为1.03mg/m3,点超标率和户超标率分别为51.61%、52.94%;甲苯最高检出浓度为1.54 mg/m3,点超标率和户超标率分别为13.24%、14.52%;二甲苯最高检出浓度为5.44 mg/m3,点超标率和户超标率分别为17.65%、19.05%。室内空气中苯、甲苯、二甲苯的浓度以及超标倍数均随装修完工时间延长呈现逐渐下降趋势,12个月后几乎未见。结论新近装修民居室内空气污染普遍存在,以装修初期为甚,其主要污染物质以苯系物为代表。Objective To investigate the pollutional status of VOCs（volatile ganic compounds）, investigate, provide evidences for eliminating and controlling of indoor air pollution. Methods Ornament group was divided into 3 groups （0 - 6 month group, 6 - 12 month group, 12 - 18 month group）. The concentration of -OCs determined with solid phase extraction- GC meth- od. Results 5 kinds of pollutants of VOCs were detected in varing degrees, respectively for benzene, toluene, xylene, trichlo- roethylene, tetrachloroethylene. Benzene, toluene, xylene had the highest detection rate and over standard rate, the highest concentration of TVOC was 9. 22 mg/m^3, the point exceeding standard rate and the family exceeding standard rate were 26.47%, 28.57% ; the highest concentration of benzene was 1.03 mg/mz , the point exceeding standard rate and the family exceeding standard rate were 51.61%, 52. 94% ; the highest concentration of toluene was 1.54 mg/m^3 , the point exceeding standard rate and the family exceeding standard rate were 13.24%, 14. 52% ; the highest concentration of xylene was 5.44 mg/ m^3 , the point exceeding standard rate and the family exceeding standard rate were 17. 65%, 19. 05%. The concentration and superstandard multiple of benzene, toluene and xylenes in indoor air decreased apparently with passage of decoration completed time （P 〈 0.05）, after 12 months almost not seen. Conclution The indoor air pollution of newly decorated room existed widely, especially the early decoration room, benzene series are main indoor air pollutants.

关 键 词：室内空气污染 室内装修 挥发性有机化学物质 苯系物 卤代烃 

分 类 号：R122.1[医药卫生—环境卫生学]