广东省部分地区孕12周后胎儿及0～5岁儿童出生缺陷发生情况调查  

Investigation on birth defects of fetus after twelve weeks pregnancy and children with 0-5 years old in part area of Guangdong province

作　　者：郑立新[1] 李铭臻[1] 王奇玲[1] 徐珊珊[1] 潘干华 黄建初[3] 曾梅珍 

机构地区：[1]广东省计划生育科学技术研究所,国家卫计委男性生殖与遗传重点实验室,广州510000 [2]广东省佛山市南海区计划生育服务站 [3]广东省东莞市计划生育服务中心 [4]广东省惠州市惠城区计划生育服务站

出　　处：《中国计划生育学杂志》2017年第2期93-96,107,共5页Chinese Journal of Family Planning

基　　金：原广东省人口和计划生育委员会重大项目(2012103)

摘　　要：目的:对孕12周后的胎儿及0~5岁儿童进行出生缺陷调查,为出生缺陷预防与干预提供科学依据。方法:2011年1月-2014年12月,选取广东省妇幼服务健全的东莞市、佛山市南海区、惠州市惠城区作为调查地区,随机抽样抽出部分街道(镇)作为调查点,采用回顾性前瞻队列和前瞻性队列相结合的研究方法,统计12孕周后胎儿、新生儿及儿童不同年龄段的出生缺陷。对出生缺陷发生情况进行汇总,剔除重复病例,统计各系统出生缺陷发生情况。结果:63 341例中发现出生缺陷儿2022例,发生率为319.2/万。发生率顺位居前5位的疾病依次是先天性心脏病(69.3/万)、多指/趾(29.2/万)、足内翻(22.6/万)、隐睾(17.0/万)、唇裂合并腭裂(14.0/万)。严重出生缺陷自然流产及产前发现畸形进行治疗性引产胎儿合计479例,发现率75.6/万。结论:广东省产前诊断的水平有待进一步加强。男性生殖器畸形发生率有上升趋势,提醒必须引起高度关注和重视。Objective： To provide reliable scientific evidence for birth defects prevention and intervention by investigating birth defects of fetus after twelve weeks pregnancy and children with 0-5 years old. Methods： From January 2011 to December 2014, the investigation was conducted in Dongguan, Nanhai district of Foshan, Huicheng district of Huizhou, which have developed maternal and children care service. Parts of streets （towns） were randomly selected as survey sites. By using the combination of retrospective prospective cohort and prospective cohort, we summarized the birth defect ratio of fetus after twelve weeks pregnancy, new born babies and different aged children. The total number of birth defects and all types of birth defects were summarized, repeated cases were eliminated, and all kinds of birth defects were analyzed. Results： In the 63341 cases, 2022 cases with birth defects had been found and the total incidence rate of birth defects was 319.22 per ten thousand. The top five birth defects were congenital heart defect （69.3/ten thousands）, polydactyly （29.2/ten thousands）, strephenopodia （22.6/ten thousands）, cryptorchidism （17.0/ten thousands）, and cleft lip with cleft palate （14.0/ten thousands）. 479 cases with severe birth defects were diagnosed during prenatal examination and were terminated by spontaneous abortion or artificial abortion, and discovery rate of cases with severe birth defects was 75.6/ten thousands. Conclusion： The ability of prenatal diagnosis in Guangdong province should be enhanced. The rate of birth defects on male genital malformation is increasing, so it is should be paid more attention to.

关 键 词：出生缺陷 监测 孕12周 0~5岁儿童 广东省 

分 类 号：R174[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]