医务人员人格特质与成就动机的关系研究  

The research on relationship between medical professionals personality traits and achievement motive

作　　者：方阅[1] 张丹丹[2] 童双梅 孙倩[1] 汤静[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学附属第一人民医院临床药学科,201620 [2]河南科技大学第一附属医院药学部,洛阳471003

出　　处：《中华医学教育探索杂志》2017年第1期87-91,共5页Chinese Journal of Medical Education Research

基　　金：上海交通大学医学院教育基金（303051206）

摘　　要：目的通过探讨医务人员人格特质和成就动机的关系，为科学有效地选拔和培养优秀医务人员提供依据．为医学教育改革提供参考。方法2015年10月以样本医院310名医务人员为研究对象，采取随机抽样的方法，一对一发放中文版“大五”人格问卷和成就动机量表共310份；回收有效问卷290份，有效回收率为93．5％。应用SPSS17．0对不同类别人员组间数据行t检验、卡方检验和相关分析。结果①不同性别医务人员的人格特质友善性、严谨性差异有统计学意义（t=-7．39，P=-0．00；t=-8．28，P=0．00）；不同职业医务人员的开放性、严谨性差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。②男性医务人员成就动机水平高于女性（toO．00）；不同职业医务人员的成就动机差异无统计学意义。③人格特质的神经质维度与追求成功的成就动机呈负相关（相关系数为-1．24），外向性和开放性与追求成功的成就动机呈正相关（相关系数分别为1．51与1．53）。结论医务人员的人格特质与成就动机之间显著相关。人格特质越外向、越随和的医务人员，越追求成功取向的成就动机；而神经质倾向越高的个体，越倾向于避免失败的成就动机。Objective Through the reseacch on relationship between achievement motive and per- sonality traits, to provide the basis theory of personality attributes for selecting outstanding medical profes- sional scientifically and effectively, and give some advice for improving medical education mode. Method The 310 medical staffs in sample hospital were treated as the research object in October 2015, who were randomly investigated with the ＂big five＂ personality questionnaire and achievement motivation scale, among of which, valid questionnaires were 290 copies leading to 93.5% effective rate. SPSS 17.0 software was used to make t test, Chi-square analysis and correlation analysis for the data of the recover valid questionnaires. Result ①Personality traits of friendliness and rigor of the medical staffs of different gender exist statisti- cally significant difference （t=-7.39, P=0.00; t=-8.28, P=0.00） and there were significant differences in the openness and rigor of medical staffs of different gender （P〈0.05）. ②The achievement motivation level of male medical staffs was higher than that of female （P=0.00）, and there was no significant difference in achieve- ment motivation among medical staffs. ③The personality trait of neuroticism was negatively correlated with the pursuit of success and achievement motivation （correlation coefficient was -1.24）, while the achievement motivation was positively related to extraversion and openness and the pursuit of success （the correlation coefficients were 1.51 and 1.53）. Conclusion There is a significant correlation between personality traits and achievement motivation. The more extroverted personality medical staffs have, the more easy-going they are, and the more the pursuit of success oriented achievement motivation they have; and the higher the neu- rotic tendency individuals have, the more they incline to avoid failure of achievement motivation.

关 键 词：医务人员 成就动机量表 “大五”人格问卷 

分 类 号：R192[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]