低温胁迫下白菜型冬油菜与春油菜叶片光合特性及内源激素变化比较  

Leaf photosynthetics and endogenous hormones of spring and winter rapa(Brassica rapa L.) under low temperature

作　　者：陈奇 袁金海[1,2,3] 孙万仓[1,2,3] 刘自刚[1,2,3] 赵新旺 方彦[1,2,3] 武军艳 李学才[1,2,3] 曾秀存 米超[1,2,3] 蒲媛媛 马骊[1,2,3] 赵艳宁 方园[1,2,3] 许耀照 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省油菜工程技术研究中心 [2]甘肃省作物遗传改良与种质创新重点实验室/甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室 [3]甘肃农业大学农学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2017年第1期37-46,共10页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-13);国家自然科学基金(31460356;31560397);国家973计划(2015CB150206);科技部"十三五"重点研发计划(2016YFD0101300);国家农业科技成果转化项目(2014G10000317);甘肃省自然科学基金(145RJZG050);丝绸之路经济带新疆核心区农田周年覆盖高效种植模式研究与示范(2016E02009)

摘　　要：为探究白菜型油菜在低温胁迫下叶片内源激素与光合特性的响应对其抗寒性形成的影响,以6份抗寒性不同的品种为材料进行低温处理,利用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)和CIRAS-2型便携式光合测定仪,分别测定25℃、12℃、8℃、3℃、-1℃、-4℃时的内源赤霉素(GA_3)、生长素(IAA)、玉米核苷素(ZR)、脱落酸(ABA)的含量及光合特征参数,比较抗寒性强弱两类油菜在低温胁迫下叶片中内源激素含量变化、光合特性及激素与光合作用之间的相互关系。结果显示:不同温度处理下、不同品种叶片内源ABA、IAA、GA_3、ZR含量和ABA/GA_3、ABA/IAA、ABA/ZR的差异均达极显著水平(P<0.001),表明温度与品种对叶片内源激素含量及激素间平衡影响较大。低温胁迫均降低了白菜型冬油菜和白菜型春油菜IAA、GA_3、ZR的合成,但春油菜降低程度明显大于冬油菜,冬油菜间抗寒性弱的品种降幅大于抗寒性强的品种。随着温度降低冬油菜叶片ABA含量呈增加趋势,抗寒性强的品种增量高于抗寒性弱的品种;春油菜呈降低趋势。低温抑制了叶片光合作用,但冬油菜光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)降低幅度明显小于春油菜,抗寒性弱的品种降幅大于抗寒性强的品种。低温下,ABA含量及ABA/GA_3、ABA/ZR和ABA/IAA的比值与Pn和Gs均表现极显著负相关。因此认为,低温下ABA与IAA、GA_3、ZR间的动态平衡对冬油菜的抗逆能力和光合利用率有重要影响。To study the relationship between endogenous hormones,photosynthetic characteristics and the cold resistance of Brassica rapa,6 cultivars with different cold resistance were investigated on gibberellic acid（ GA_3）,auxin（ IAA）,corn nucleoside hormone（ ZR）,abscisic acid（ ABA） and photosynthetic characteristic parameters by ELISA（ enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay） and CIRAS- 2 at 25℃,12℃,8℃,3℃,- 1℃ and- 4℃.Results showed that contents of ABA,IAA,GA_3 and ZR,and their ratios（ ABA / GA_3,ABA/IAA and ABA/ZR）in leaves reached highly significant level（ P 0. 001）,which indicated temperature and cultivar had great influence on hormone contents and their balance. Cold and freezing stress reduced synthesis of IAA,GA_3 and ZR in both winter- and spring- type rapeseed. The degree of spring- type decrease was greater. When temperature came down,ABA content increased in winter- type,but decreased in spring- type. The proportion of increase in strong- cold- resistant rapeseed was higher than that of weak- cold- resistant ones. Cold stress also decreased photosynthetic rate（ Pn） and stomatal conductance（ Gs）. The decreasing speeds of winter- type and strong- cold- resistant cultivars were slower than those of spring- type and weak- cold- resistant ones. The ABA content,the ratio of ABA / GA_3,ABA/ZR and ABA/IAA had significant negative correlation with both Pn and Gs under low temperature. It indicated that dynamic balance between ABA and IAA,GA_3 and ZR had significant effects on cold tolerance and photosynthetic efficiency of B. rapa.

关 键 词：白菜型油菜 低温胁迫 光合特性 内源激素 

分 类 号：S565.403[农业科学—作物学]