内蒙古规模化羊场不同类型羊舍空气质量评价  

Assessment of Air Quality in Different Types of Sheep Houses in Inner Mongolian Sheep Farm

作　　者：丁莹[1] 黎明[1] 岳远西 杨硕[1] 史彬林[1] 红雷[1] 娜仁花[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学动物科学学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2017年第2期58-63,96,共7页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：内蒙古自治区高等学校科学研究项目(NJZC13085)

摘　　要：为了探明北方寒冷地区羊舍空气环境质量,进一步提高羊的饲料利用率、改善其福利状态,本研究选择内蒙古中部地区羊场双坡式和钟楼式两种类型羊舍为试验羊舍,分别于2015年4月(春季)、8月(夏季)、11月(秋季)、2016年1月(冬季)对羊舍在不同季节条件下有害气体浓度、可吸入颗粒物(PM10)含量及微生物数量进行评价。结果表明,两种羊舍内NH_3浓度夏季最高,分别为8.9mg/m^3、9.1mg/m^3;双坡式舍春季NH_3浓度最低,为6.2mg/m^3,钟楼式冬季最低,为6.5mg/m^3。双坡式羊舍CO_2浓度冬季最高,为1 277mg/m^3,钟楼式羊舍春季最高,为1 216 mg/m^3,两种羊舍均表现为秋季最低,分别为995 mg/m^3、1 046 mg/m^3。两种羊舍的可吸入颗粒物(PM10)含量均在春季最高,分别为0.13mg/m^3、0.14mg/m^3,冬季含量最低,为0.02 mg/m^3、0.04 mg/m^3。两种羊舍微生物含量在春季最高,分别为19585个/m^3、5 133个/m^3;双坡式羊舍在秋季最低,为1 016个/m^3,钟楼式羊舍冬季时最低,为916个/m^3。在时间分布上,两种羊舍有害物质的含量均呈现晚上增加的趋势。同时表现为在不同季节、不同测定时段均明显高于舍外。各种指标的含量均未超出《种羊场舍区、场区、缓冲区环境质量》(DB11/T 428-2007)中的标准要求。In order to ascertain ambient air quality of sheep houses in northern cold regions, to further improve the efficiency of feed utilization, and improve feeding flock welfare, the test selected two types of sheep farm in central area of Inner Mongolia,the double slope formula and the belfry formula to assess the air quality at different seasons. The test was conducted in April （spring） and August （summer） , Novem-ber （autumn） 2015, January （winter） 2016, to evaluate the concentration of harmful gases, respirable par-ticulate （PM10） and the number of microorganism. The results show that NH3 concentrations in the two kinds of sheep houses in summer were the highest,8. 9 mg/m^3 , and 9. 1 mg/m^3 , that in double slope for-mula sheep house was the lowest in spring, 6. 2 mg/m^3 , and that in belfry formula sheep house was the lowest in winter,6. 5 mg/m^3 ; CO2 concentration of the double slope formula sheep house was the highest in winter,1 277 mg/m^3. and that of the belfry formula sheep house was the highest in spring,1 216 mg/m^3. Both sheep houses displayed the lowest C02 concentration in autumn, 995 mg/m^3 and 1 046 mg/m^3, re-spectively; PM10 concentrations of two sheep houses were both the highest in spring, being 0. 13 mg/m^3 and 0. 14 mg/m^3 , the lowest in winter, being 0. 02 mg/m^3 and 0. 04 mg/m^3 ; Microbial concentrations of two kinds of sheep houses were 19 585 cfu/m^3 and 5 133 cfu/m^3 , both the highest in spring. In autumn, the double slope formula sheep house has the lowest microbial concentrations, 1 016 cfu/m^3 , and 916 cfu/m^3 for the belfry formula sheep house, lowest in winter. At different time, the concentrations of harmful substances in two sheep houses showed an increasing trend at night. While the performance in different seasons and different time were significantly higher than those measured outside. All the indicators met the requirements for the “Standard of Environmental Quality at House Area, Game Area, and Buffer Area in Sheep Breeding Far

关 键 词：羊舍 氨气 二氧化碳 可吸入微粒 微生物 

分 类 号：S811.5[农业科学—畜牧学]