陇中黄土高原一次秋季层状云微物理结构及适播性分析  

Analysis on Microphysical Structure of Stratiform Clouds in Autumn in Loess Plateau of Middle Gansu

作　　者：王研峰[1] 黄武斌[2] 和翠英 黄山[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省人工影响天气办公室,甘肃兰州730020 [2]兰州中心气象台,甘肃兰州730020 [3]云南省红河州蒙自市气象局,云南蒙自661100

出　　处：《干旱气象》2017年第1期64-72,107,共10页Journal of Arid Meteorology

基　　金：甘肃省气象局气象科研面上项目(GSMAMs2017-02);甘肃省气象局气象科研重点项目(GSMAZd2017-06)共同资助

摘　　要：利用陇中黄土高原地区一次机载PMS粒子测量系统的云探测资料,研究该地区秋季典型层状云系的微物理特征,并讨论层状冷云适宜催化作业的指标。结果表明:(1)层状云系由高层云和层积云组成,在0℃层和-3^-4℃层,云粒子浓度与液态含水量存在极大值;(2)小云粒子和大云粒子浓度分别主要由3.5—10μm、50—200μm粒径段的粒子浓度决定,最大值超过100个·cm^(-3)、100个·L^(-1),与平均直径分别呈正相关和反相关,并且小云粒子高浓度区对应高液态含水量区;(3)不同高度和过冷水含量区小云粒子谱均为单峰型,大云粒子谱均为混合型;(4)此次层状冷云适宜催化作业的指标有:云系处于发展期,云高为5.5~6.3 km,温度为-6^-2.8℃,LWC≥0.05 g·m^(-3),小云粒子和大云粒子浓度分别在3.5—15μm、150—200μm粒径段各自有101个·cm^(-3)、10~1个·L^(-1)量级的高值区。The microphysical characteristics and seeding condition of typical stratiform clouds in autumn in the loess plateau of middle Gansu were examined by using observation data of an airborne Particle Measuring Systems(PMS). The results are as follows:(1)Stratiform clouds were composed of altostratus and stratocumulus. The cloud particle concentration and liquid water content were maximum on the levels of 0 ℃ and from^(-3) to-4 ℃.(2) Small cloud particles and large cloud particles concentration mainly depended on particles whose diameters ranged from 3. 5 to 10 μm and from 50 to 200 μm,respectively,and their maximum values exceeded 100cm^(-3)and 100 L-l. The small cloud particles concentration was positively correlated with its average diameter,and the large cloud particles concentration was negatively correlated with its average diameter. The higher concentration area of small cloud particles was corresponding to higher liquid water content area.(3) Small and large cloud particles spectrum on different height and super-cooled water area presented single and double peak distribution,respectively.(4) The super-cooled altostratus being suitable for seeding operation was that the cloud was in developing stage,and the cloud altitude ranged from 5. 5 to 6. 3 km,temperature ranged from-6 to-2. 8 ℃ and liquid water content was no less than 0. 05 g·m^(-3),and the concentration of small and large cloud particles with the diameter of 3. 5-15 μm and 150-200 μm had high value areas of the 101cm^(-3),101L^(-1)order,respectively.

关 键 词：陇中黄土高原 层状云系 微物理结构 适播性 

分 类 号：P426.5[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] P481