西瓜连作对土壤主要微生物数量、酶活性及果实品质的影响  

Effects of Continuous Cropping on Microorganism and Enzymes in the Soil and the Quality of Watermelon Fruit

作　　者：张冬明[1] 郑道君[1] 曾建华[1] 吉清妹 符传良 谢良商[1] 

机构地区：[1]海南省农业科学院农业环境与土壤研究所/农业部海南耕地保育科学观测实验站/海南省耕地保育重点实验室,海南海口571100

出　　处：《北方园艺》2017年第4期155-158,共4页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金资助项目(312082);海南省重大科技专项资助项目(HNGDhs201501);海南省农业科学院农业科技创新专项资助项目(琼农院[2013]32)

摘　　要：以"小富"西瓜为试材,在同一地块采用相同管理模式连续种植,测定了连作5茬西瓜土壤中细菌、放线菌和真菌数量和土壤主要酶活性及土壤理化性状。结果表明:随着连作茬数增加,土壤pH逐渐降低,理化性状变化不明显;连作使土壤中细菌、放线菌数量呈现出先增加后下降的趋势,真菌数量变化与之相反;蛋白酶活性、过氧化氢酶活性和脲酶活性均处在一直下降的状态;相关性分析表明,放线菌数量与土壤中蛋白酶活性、过氧化氢酶活性和碱解氮含量呈现较好的正相关关系;连作还会降低西瓜维生素C含量,影响西瓜品质。Taking watermelon of‘Xiaofu＇as test material,watermelon of‘Xiaofu＇was continuously grown in five croppings on the plot with the same cultivating management to seek the variation appearances of pH,nutrient contents,microorganisms,enzymes activity in the soil,and to explore the quality character of watermelon fruit.The results showed that soil pH gradually decreased with increasing cropping frequency;and the changes of soil organic matter,N,P and K contents were not obvious;the quantities of bacteria and actinomycetes in the soil increased before the third cropping and decreased at the sequent cropping,but an opposite trend was found on fungi;the activities of proteinase,catalase and urease in the soil were in a state of decline during the experimental period;positive correlation was found among the quantities of actinomycetes and the activities of proteinase,catalase,alkali solution N in the soil;vitamin C content of watermelon fruit decreased under continuous corpping condition.

关 键 词：西瓜 连作障碍 土壤微生物 酶活性 

分 类 号：S651.606.1[农业科学—果树学]