椒江河口挟沙能力经验公式在其河床冲淤预测中的应用  

Application of Empirical Formula of Sediment Transport Capacity in Forecast of Riverbed Erosion and Deposition of Jiaojiang River Estuary

作　　者：夏威夷[1] 赵晓冬[1] 张新周[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京水利科学研究院港口航道泥沙工程交通行业重点实验室,江苏南京210024

出　　处：《水电能源科学》2017年第1期101-103,共3页Water Resources and Power

基　　金：水利部公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201201070);交通运输部重大科技专项项目(201132874640)

摘　　要：为计算椒江河口的挟沙能力,依据近年来的水文泥沙实测资料,从"背景含沙量"概念入手,结合水流紊动作用与泥沙重力作用的对比关系,得出了适用于椒江河口的挟沙能力经验式。运用该式预测了短期内河床的冲淤趋势,并将预测结果与实测及数模计算数据进行了比较。结果表明,椒江河口背景含沙量的形成是由最大浑浊带的存在、潮波作用以及悬、底沙在径、潮流作用下频繁交换等几个因素引起;引入"背景含沙量"的挟沙能力经验式可较好地计算椒江河口的挟沙能力,可用于预测河床冲淤趋势,计算结果与实测情况基本一致。研究成果可用于椒江河口的河床冲淤估算,并为类似河口的闸下淤积预估提供了参考。Based on the concept of ＇Background Sediment Concentration and the relationship between flow turbulence and sediment gravity, an empirical formula of sediment transport capacity is established by analyzing the observation data of hydrology and sediment in Jiaojiang River estuary in recent years. The short-term erosion and deposition trend was predicted by employing the empirical formula. The forecast results were compared with the data of situ measurement and numerical model calculation. The research results indicate that the existence of the maximum turbidity, the effect of tidal wave and the frequent exchange between the suspended sediment and bottom sediment under the influence of runoff and tide are the critical factors of causing the formation of background sediment concentrations the empirical formula with the addition of ＇ Background Sediment Concentration＇ can be used to calculate the sediment transport capacity and forecast the erosion and deposition trend in Jiaojiang River estuary. The calculation result and the actual measurement are consistent qualitatively and similar quantitatively. The research results would be employed to estimate the erosion and deposition de gree of Jiaojiang River estuary and provide some reference for forecasting the downstream silting degree of sluices in the similar estuary.

关 键 词：椒江河口 挟沙能力 经验公式 背景含沙量 冲淤预测 

分 类 号：TV148.1[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]