氮、磷肥施用对三七种苗生长的影响  

Role of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilizer on Seedling Production of Panax notoginseng

作　　者：郑建芬[1,2] 尹兆波 赵芝[1] 毛忠顺 魏薇[1] 魏富刚 陈中坚 何霞红[1] 朱书生[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学植物保护学院,云南昆明650201 [2]云南天士力三七种植有限公司,云南文山663000 [3]苗乡三七科技股份有限公司,云南文山663000

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第1期113-119,共7页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：云南省院士工作站项目云南三七现代农业工程技术产业化示范项目(2012-02)

摘　　要：探索在特有人工基质苗床上生产优质三七种苗的最适氮、磷肥使用量。分别将25种氮、磷配比的化肥在三七种苗分阶段进行施用,在最后1次施肥后15 d对三七种苗的存苗率、锈裂指数、皂苷含量及其他农艺性状指标进行调查和检测,并通过DPS数据分析氮、磷肥施用对三七种苗生长的影响,得出基质苗床上最佳的氮、磷肥施用量。当纯氮用量在10~15 kg/667m^2、纯P_2O_5用量在15~25 kg/667 m^2时三七种苗质量较高,表现为各项农艺性状表现最优良,尤其在块根生物量方面,同时具有较少的锈裂口和较高的块根皂苷含量。如果氮、磷施用量过多会降低三七种苗质量,氮肥对种苗质量的影响远大于磷肥,并且增加磷肥用量不能缓解氮使用过量对三七种苗的影响。氮肥的用量显著影响三七种苗的质量,在种苗生产管理中要严格控制氮肥用量。To examine the optimum proportion of nitrogen and phosphorus ginseng planted in fertilizer on artificial matrix seedbed. Surviving rate of se for seedling of Panax note- edling , index of rust crack- ing, saponin content and index of other agronomic characters were examined 15 days after that all 25 ratio of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer was applied to seedbed of P. noteginseng. The results showed that seedling of P. noteginseng had high quality when nitrogen using amount from 10 to 15 kg/667 m2 and P205 using amount from 15 to 25 kg/667 m2 were applied to seedbed. Saponin content of P. note- ginseng root was high and index of rust cracking was low under the optimal amount of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer application. Seedling quality decreased when nitrogen fertilizer application amount was above 25 kg/667 m2. Wherever, P fertilizer application could not recover the impact caused by ni- trogen fertilizer. Seedling quality of P. notoginseng was significantly influenced by nitrogen applicationamount. Therefore, nitrogen application amount must be strictly controlled during seedling production management.

关 键 词：三七 种苗生产 氮肥 磷肥 存苗率 皂苷含量 锈裂指数 

分 类 号：S567.236.062[农业科学—中草药栽培]