阿盟视角下的泛阿拉伯主义政治实践  

Pan-Arabism Political Practice from an Arab League Perspective

作　　者：赵军[1] 陈万里[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海外国语大学中东研究所,副教授上海200083 [2]上海外国语大学东方语学院阿拉伯语系,教授上海200083

出　　处：《世界民族》2017年第1期30-41,共12页Journal of World Peoples Studies

基　　金：上海市Ⅰ类高峰学科(外国语言文学)建设项目"阿拉伯国家联盟与中东地区冲突解决研究"的阶段性成果;教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目"中国参与中东热点问题中的大国协调研究"(项目号:16JJDGJW012);"上海高校一流学科(A)类外国语言文学项目"和"上海外国语大学区域国别研究中心课题"资助

摘　　要：泛阿拉伯主义运动是当代阿拉伯政治实践的一项重要内容。阿拉伯国家联盟对泛阿拉伯主义实践的影响是阿拉伯政治研究中难以绕开的议题。阿盟与泛阿拉伯主义的关系微妙而特殊:泛阿拉伯主义孕育了阿盟,阿盟体现了泛阿拉伯主义的内在要求。在阿拉伯世界应组成单一的政治共同体且应该拥有一个统一政府的泛阿拉伯主义理想指引下,阿拉伯政治精英达成底线共识,创立阿盟,并围绕阿拉伯独立、阿拉伯政治统一、社会政治民主化、经济文化发展和世俗化五大主要目标展开泛阿拉伯主义政治实践。在其实践过程中,阿盟长期以来以恪守并捍卫阿拉伯国家的独立主权为底线原则,但又不时出现"团结一致"言辞下侵蚀成员国主权,干涉内政的现象;它虽承担阿拉伯统一的责任又并不积极,甚至在一定程度上妨碍了泛阿拉伯统一实践。究其原因,不外乎:阿拉伯政治现实需要阿盟在泛阿拉伯主义运动中起到如此作用。当前,泛阿拉伯主义的衰落已经使得阿盟降格为一个仅仅将阿拉伯国家在形式上团结起来和充当重新定义泛阿拉伯主义的论坛性平台。阿盟的这种作用贯穿于整个阿拉伯政治实践之中,并将长期存在下去。Pan-Arabism, an indispensable part of Arab politics since the early 19th century, subtle and special, its relationship with Arab League cannot be strayed away from in contemporary Arab political studies. Pan-Arabism gives birth to Arab League which has been characterized by guiding the Arab world towards an Arab Union in spirit and by developing a Pan-Arabism political practice based on the implementation of five objectives： Arab independence, Arab unity, social-political democratization, cultural-economic development and secularization. Though Arab League claims to strongly support Arab countries＇ independence and sovereignty, its action does not reflect this claim of Pan-Arabism. In the name of solidity Arab League occasionally intervenes into the internal affairs of member states, which violates the principle of independence and sovereignty. While Arab League claims to undertake the responsibility for unity, it has not been consistently playing an active part and sometimes even hinders Arab unity. The reason is that the political reality of the Arab World needs Arab League to be in nature both promoting and hindering the achievement of Pan-Arabism. Arab League promotes the achievement of Pan-Arabism when Arab countries reach agreements or resolve crisis. However, Arab League hinders the achievement of Pan-Arabism when time comes to give Pan-Arabism an opportunity to redefine itself so as to maintain its vitality and to impact Arab countries. Currently, the decrease of Pan-Arabism has reduced Arab League into a forum platform that ceremonially unites Arab countries and redefines the meaning of Pan-Arabism itself. The effect of this relationship between Arab League and Pan-Arabism exists and will exist for a long time in the Arab political practice.

关 键 词：阿盟 泛阿拉伯主义 独立 主权 统一 

分 类 号：D737.1[政治法律—政治学]