人体气道支架的发展与最新研究进展  

The Development of Human Airway Stent and Its Recent Advances

作　　者：张治国[1] 孙亿民 江晨[1,2] 李振潇 张翼飞[1,3] 邓林红[1] 

机构地区：[1]常州大学生物医学工程与健康科学研究院,江苏常州213164 [2]常州大学机械工程学院,江苏常州213164 [3]常州大学数理学院,江苏常州213164

出　　处：《常州大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第1期62-67,共6页Journal of Changzhou University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(11472062;11532003);江苏省自然科学基金资助项目(13KJB180001)

摘　　要：由于各种原因所导致的气道狭窄往往需要进行支架植入术以实现气道的快速扩张,缓解患者的呼吸困难。人体气道支架的灵感来源于心血管支架的临床应用,且自1965年Montgomery发明了T型管状硅酮橡胶支架用于气道狭窄的治疗之后,气道支架便得到不断地推陈出新。目前临床上使用的气道支架主要有Dumon硅酮支架和镍钛记忆合金支架。虽然气道支架的植入可以迅速地改善患者的呼吸状况,但支架植入后仍可能会导致一些较为棘手的并发症,例如支架移位、肉芽组织的过度增生以及支架附近组织的感染等。近年来,有关药物洗脱气道支架、生物可降解气道支架的基础研究,为气道支架未来的发展带来了新的曙光,同时,基于生物3D打印技术制备的个性化气道支架可以使得支架与气道实现完美的贴合,既可以降低支架发生移位的风险,又可以实现对肉芽组织过度增生的抑制,必将成为今后气道支架的重要发展趋势之一。The implantation of airway stent can dilate the airway stenosis quickly and give patients relief from the breathing difficulty. Airway stent takes inspiration from the clinical use of vascular stent and it has been innovated continuously since 1965, when the T-shape silicone airway stent was invented by Mont- gomery for the treatment of airway stenosis. Currently, Dumon silicone airway stents and nickel titanium shape memory alloy airway stents are widely used in clinics. However, there are still some complications, such as the migration of stent, the excessive growth of granulation tissue and the infections nearby the stent. In recent years, the investigations on the drug-eluting airway stent and the biodegradable airway stent shed new light on the airway stent. Moreover, the patient-specific airway stent based on the 3D print- ing technology will be one of the important trends for the reason of perfect fit, the low risk of migration and the inhibition of the granulation tissue excessive growth.

关 键 词：气道支架 Dumon硅酮支架 镍钛记忆合金气道支架 药物洗脱气道支架 生物可降解支架 3D打印个性化气道支架 

分 类 号：TQ31[化学工程—高聚物工业]