胰岛β细胞再生与转化研究进展  

Advances in pancreatic β cell regeneration and transformation

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作  者:李诚[1] 李堂 

机构地区:[1]青岛大学,266071 [2]青岛市妇女儿童医院内分泌科,266035

出  处:《国际儿科学杂志》2017年第2期108-111,共4页International Journal of Pediatrics

基  金:国家自然科学基金资助项目(81170762)

摘  要:1型糖尿病(type1 diabetes mellitus,T1DM)是一种以胰岛β细胞进行性损伤、胰岛素分泌绝对不足为基础的器官特异性自身免疫性疾病,终生皮下注射胰岛素仍为目前主要的治疗手段。但该治疗方法给患者带来巨大痛苦,且不能改善远期预后。随着现代医学的发展,医生可利用基因技术等综合手段,实现胰岛β细胞的再生与转化,尽可能保护T1DM患者残存胰岛β细胞功能,为防止T1DM急慢性并发症的发生提供了新的思路。目前有关胰岛β细胞重建的研究主要集中于胰岛移植、干细胞移植、免疫调节剂的应用等,但多因自身局限,不能满足临床需求。胰岛r细胞原位转化为胰岛素分泌细胞的研究,因其独特的优势,成为目前的研究热点。该文将对胰岛r细胞原位转化的技术手段、影响因素、可能机制等方面进行综述。Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an organ-specific autoimmune disease caused by absolute lack of insulin secretion and progressive pancreatic β cell damage. Patients require lifelong subcutaneous injection of insulin. However, this treatment could induce great pain without improving long-term prognosis. Along with the medicine development, comprehensive methods including genetic technology are adopted to achieve pancreatic β cell regeneration and transformation. Protecting the function of remaining pancreatic β cells for T1 DM patients provides a new insight in prevention of acute and chronic T1DM complications. Currents studies of islet β cell reconstruction focus on islet transplantation, stem cell transplantation and immune regulator applications. Unfortunately, owing to their limitations, these methods cannot satisfy clinical application. While transdifferentiation of pancreatic islet δ cells has become a hope recently because of its unique advantages. In this paper, we will summarize the technical methods, influence factors and possible mechanisms of the transdifferentiation of pancreatic islet δ cells.

关 键 词:1型糖尿病 胰岛β细胞再生 基因治疗 

分 类 号:R587.1[医药卫生—内分泌]

 

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