集约化种植下潮土养分肥力与团聚体特征相互关系研究  

Research on Relationship Between Soil Nutrient Fertility and Aggregation of Fluvo-aquic Soil Under Intensive Cultivation

作　　者：张先凤 朱安宁[1] 张佳宝[1] 杨文亮[1] 车威[1] 

机构地区：[1]土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所),封丘农业生态实验站,南京210008 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《土壤》2017年第1期33-39,共7页Soils

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0200304);国家自然科学基金项目(41471239);中国科学院科技服务网络计划(STS计划)项目(KFJ-SW-STS-142)资助

摘　　要：通过测定封丘潮土7个肥力指标有机质、全氮、碱解氮、全磷、有效磷、全钾和速效钾,并利用主成分分析方法划分为3种肥力等级(一等、二等和三等肥力),研究了集约化种植条件下潮土养分肥力与团聚体特征的相互关系。结果表明:3种肥力等级下,大团聚体的质量比例最高,微团聚体居中,而粉黏粒最低。在0~5、5~10和10~20 cm土层,一等肥力下大团聚体的质量比例分别较三等肥力提高了25.5%、20.0%和18.5%,而微团聚体的质量比例分别降低了54.3%、43.5%和33.6%;一等肥力和二等肥力土壤团聚体的质量比例之间差异不显著。水稳性大团聚体的数量及其稳定性分别与由7个土壤肥力指标组成的养分肥力系统综合主成分得分F值呈线性正相关关系。7个肥力指标中,有机质、全氮和碱解氮与潮土大团聚体的质量比例及其稳定性显著正相关,并且这种相关性随着土壤深度增加而逐渐减弱。This study is to investigate the relationship between soil nutrient fertility and aggregate characteristics under intensive cultivation. Soil organic matter, total and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, total and available phosphorus, and total and available potassium were selected for Fluvo-aquic soil in Fengqiu County as fertility indexes to form nutrient fertility system. Soil fertility was divided into three grades （first-, second- and third-grades） by principal component analysis. The results showed that mass proportion of aggregates was ranked as macro-aggregate 〉 micro-aggregate 〉 the free silt ＋ clay fraction under each kind of fertility level. Compared to the third-grade fertility, mass proportions of macro-aggregates of the first-grade fertility in 0-5 cm, 5-10 cm and 10-20 cm layers increased by 25.5%, 20.0% and 18.5%, respectively, while those of the micro-aggregates decreased by 54.3%, 43.5% and 33.6%, respectively. No significant differences existed in aggregate distributions between the first- and second-grade fertility. Soil macro-aggregates and aggregate stability had significant linear positive correlation with the F-measure from principal component scores, and had significant positive correlation with soil organic matter, total and alkali- hydrolyzable nitrogen, but the correlation weakened with increase of soil depth.

关 键 词：集约化种植 潮土 养分肥力 团聚体特征 相关性 

分 类 号：S158.5[农业科学—土壤学]