具矿物风化效应伯克霍尔德氏菌的筛选与生物学特性研究  

Isolation of Mineral-weathering Burkholderia Strains and Their Biological Characteristics

作　　者：毛欣欣[1] 何琳燕[1] 王琪[1] 盛下放[1] 

机构地区：[1]农业部农业环境微生物实验室,南京农业大学生命科学学院,南京210095

出　　处：《土壤》2017年第1期77-82,共6页Soils

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41473075)资助

摘　　要：从钾质粗面岩表面和野青茅根、根际和非根际土壤中分离筛选到10株具矿物风化效应的伯克霍尔德氏菌,通过菌株16S r DNA序列分析,10株伯克霍尔德氏菌分别属于6个种群,同时研究了伯克霍尔德氏菌对钾长石和黑云母的溶解效应与菌株的生物学特性。结果表明,分离自不同生境伯克霍尔德氏菌对硅酸盐矿物的风化能力不同,供试伯克霍尔德氏菌从钾长石中释放出的Si、K、Ca分别比对照增加了23.7%~119%、12.6%~40.3%和18.7%~57.9%,从黑云母中释放出的Si、K、Ca分别比对照增加了86.4%~876%、5.6~14.6倍和70%~147%;其中菌株g6从钾长石中释放Si、K、Ca的能力最强,菌株G31从黑云母中释放K、Ca的能力最强,而菌株R22从黑云母中释放Si的能力最强。在钾长石和黑云母存在条件下接种伯克霍尔德氏菌处理的发酵液pH分别为3.05~4.67和7.03~7.43。不同伯克霍尔德氏菌产铁载体能力不同,而且对温度、pH和盐浓度具有一定的耐受性。Ten mineral-weathering Burkholderia strains were obtained from the surface of potassic trachyte, root tissue interior, rhizosphere and bulk soils of Deyeuxia arundinacea. The Burkholderia strains belonged to six species based on 16S rDNA sequence analysis. In addition, the dissolution of feldspar and biotite by the strains and their biological characteristics were evaluated. The results showed that the Burkholderia strains isolated from different environments had different abilities to weather silicate minerals. The concentrations of Si, K and Ca were increased by 23.7%-119%, 12.6%-40.3% and 18.7%-57.9% released from feldspar and 86.4%-876%, 5.6-14.6 folds and 70%-147% released from biotite in the presence of the Burkholderia strains respectively compared with the controls. Among the strains, strain g6 had the best ability to release Si, K, and Ca from feldspar, strain G31 had the best ability to release K and Ca from biotite, while strain R22 had the best ability to release Si from biotite, pH in the culture medium inoculated with the Burkholderia strains ranged from 3.05-4.67 and 7.03-7.43 in the presence of feldspar and biotite, respectively. Furthermore, the Burkholderia strains had the different abilities to produce siderophores in culture medium. The Burkholderia strains also had the characteristics of acid or alkali and salt tolerances and temperature resistance.

关 键 词：伯克霍尔德氏菌株 硅酸盐矿物 矿物溶解 生物学特性 

分 类 号：Q93[生物学—微生物学]