滇中高原华山松植物多样性与土壤生物肥力特征  

Vegetation Diversity and Soil Biological Fertility of Pinus Armandii in Central Yunnan Plateau, China

作　　者：杨媛媛[1] 陈奇伯[1] 黎建强[1] 刘佩琪[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学环境科学与工程学院,昆明650224

出　　处：《土壤》2017年第1期90-96,共7页Soils

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(C030801);国家林业局林业公益性行业科研专项(20120401-10);云南省高校优势特色重点学科(生态学)建设项目(05000511311);西南林业大学科技创新基金项目(C15117)资助

摘　　要：为探究滇中高原华山松植物多样性与土壤生物肥力的关系,运用野外调查法和实验室分析法对玉溪市磨盘山国家森林公园的华山松天然次生林进行了研究。结果表明:1磨盘山华山松天然次生林形成以华山松为优势种的针阔混交林,其物种组成单一、植物多样性较低,共出现维管束植物13科15属15种。2华山松林下有机质、全氮、碱解氮、全磷、有效磷、速效钾含量,酶活性及微生物数量随土层深度的加深呈递减趋势,pH、全钾含量随土层深度的加深而呈递增趋势。3主成分分析结果显示,土壤养分、过氧化氢酶、转化酶和微生物都能较好地反映土壤生物肥力特征,多样性指数、优势度指数以及丰富度指数这3个因子能够较好地反映植物多样性。4华山松植物多样性与土壤肥力特征具有明显的相关性,其中对植物多样性影响较大的土壤肥力指标有真菌、过氧化氢酶、全氮、速效钾、全钾、转化酶、细菌、全磷、有效磷。The Pinus armandii secondary forest in Yuxi Mopan Mountain National Forest Park was taken as study site, the characteristics of vegetation were inventoried, soils were collected and soil biological fertility indexes were measured in laboratory in order to explore the relationship between vegetation diversity and soil biological fertility in the Central Yunnan Plateau in China. The results showed that Mopan Mountain Pinus armandii secondary forest was mixed forests with low plant diversity and dominant species of Pinus armandii, there were 13 families, 15 genera and 15 kinds of vascular plants. With the increase of soil depth, soil organic matter, total nitrogen, alkali solution nitrogen, total phosphorus, available phosphorus and available potassium content, enzyme activity and microbial quantity declined, while pH and total potassium increased under Pinus armandii secondary forest. Principal component analyses showed that soil nutrients, catalase, invertase and microbes well indicated soil biological fertility, while diversity index, dominance index and richness index well reflected vegetation diversity. Pinus armandii forest diversity had significant correlation with soil fertility indexes. The diversity of Pinus armandii forest was greatly influenced by soil fungi, catalase, total nitrogen, phosphorus, total potassium, invertase, potassium bacteria, total phosphorus and available phosphorus.

关 键 词：华山松 植物多样性 土壤养分 土壤酶 土壤微生物 

分 类 号：S151.9[农业科学—土壤学]