变载荷激励下齿轮削齿故障动力学特性研究  

Study on the Dynamics Characteristic of Gear Cutting Tooth Fault Under Variable Load Excitation

作　　者：时培明[1] 赵娜[1] 党会[1] 田广军[1] 

机构地区：[1]燕山大学电气工程学院,河北秦皇岛066004

出　　处：《机械传动》2017年第1期1-5,共5页Journal of Mechanical Transmission

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51475407);河北省高等学校科学技术研究项目优秀青年基金(YQ2013020)

摘　　要：为了掌握变载荷激励下齿轮削齿故障动力学特性,考虑削齿故障引起齿轮质量不平衡和对齿轮系统啮合刚度的影响,建立了含削齿故障的四自由度齿轮动力学模型。在此基础上,采用变步长的四阶Runge-Kutta法对齿轮削齿模型进行数值仿真求解,研究了含削齿齿轮故障的动力学机理。通过空载和变载荷激励下齿轮削齿动力学特性对比,分析了齿轮削齿故障下的动力学特性。结果表明,变载荷激励下,齿轮削齿系统具有明显的低频成分,并且变载荷幅值越大,低频成分越明显;齿轮的振动位移与变载荷激励有相似的变化趋势。变载荷激励大小对齿轮削齿动力学特性也有影响,变载荷幅值越大,齿轮的时域图中的冲击现象和调制现象越不明显。此外,随着变载荷激励幅值变大,频谱图中边频带由削齿齿轮的转频变为外部载荷变化的频率。因此,对于齿轮故障诊断,应尽量在稳定负载工况下进行故障诊断。In order to grasp the dynamics characteristic of gear cutting fault under variable load excitation, considering the quality imbalance of gear caused by the cutting tooth fault and the influence of the fault on mes- hing stiffness-of gear system, the dynamics model of the 4 freedom degree gear including cutting gear fault is es- tablished. On the basis of that, the variable step size four - order Runge - Kutta numerical method is used to solve to the dynamics model and the dynamics mechanism of gear cutting tooth is studied. Comparison of the dy- namics characteristic of gear cutting tooth with non - load and variable load excitation, the dynamics character- istic of gear cutting tooth are analyzed, rFhe result shows that, with variable load excitation, gear cutting tooth system has obvious low frequency components, and the more intense the external load changes, the low -fie- quency component is more obvious; the vibration displacement of the gear is similar to the external load. The size of the variable load also has effect on the dynamics characteristic of gear cutting tooth. The larger of varia- ble load, the impact phenomenon and modulation phenomenon of the time - domain diagram is not more obvious and side band spectrum is no longer a cutting tooth gear rotating frequency. Therefore, for the gear fault diagno- sis, the fault diagnosis should be carried out with the condition of stable and small load.

关 键 词：动力学特性 齿轮故障 削齿 变载荷 

分 类 号：TH132.41[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]