泰安市社区育龄妇女二孩生育意愿及影响因素调查  

Survey on the fertility desire for two-child and the influencing factors in community women of childbearing age in Taian city

作　　者：赵启会[1] 崔海娟[1] 孙铮[1] 

机构地区：[1]泰山医学院,山东泰安271000

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2017年第4期830-832,共3页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

基　　金：泰安市社科联计划项目课题(15-YB-060)

摘　　要：目的了解已婚孕产妇生育状况、生育意愿及其影响因素。方法随机抽取泰安市两个社区育龄妇女620例进行调查,收集人口学特征、生育状况、生育意愿等资料,并进行二孩生育意愿的影响因素分析。结果有二孩生育意愿的320例占51.61%,希望生育两个以上98例占15.81%;在年龄、文化程度、职业、家庭收入和医疗费用的支出形式比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);为探讨多种因素对孕产妇生育意愿的影响,以是否有二孩生育意愿为因变量,以年龄、文化程度、民族、职业、经济状况、医疗费用的支出和是否为独生子女为自变量进行多元线性回归分析。采用逐步筛查法筛选自变量,经筛选后有3个因素进入回归模型:婚孕状况、独生子女、家庭年均收入,总贡献率为3.60%。决定不生育二孩的原因依次为"生育孩子成本太高"(270例,占43.54%)、"教育孩子困难"(152例,占24.52%)、"影响个人事业发展"(105例,占16.94%)和父辈压力(92例,占14.84%)。结论社区育龄妇女二孩的生育意愿较高,多种因素影响生育意愿,婚孕状况、独生子女、经济状况是决定生育的重要因素。Objective To understand the fertility status,fertility desire,and the influencing factors in married pregnant women.Methods A total of 620 women of childbearing age were randomly selected from two communities in Taian city,the demographic characteristics,marital status,and fertility desire were collected,the influencing factors of fertility desire for two-child were analyzed. Results A total of 320 women had fertility desire for two-child,accounting for 51. 61%,and 98 women had fertility desire for more than two children,accounting for 15. 81%; there was statistically significant difference in age,educational level,occupation,income,the forms of medical expenses（ P0. 05）. To explore the effects of multiple factors on fertility desire of married pregnant women,multivariate linear regression analysis was performed taking fertility desire for two-child as dependent variable,age,educational level,nationality,occupation,income,the forms of medical expenses and only- child or not as independent variables. The independent variables were screened by step- by- step screening method,then three factors entered into the regression model（ marital status,only-child and annual household income）,the total contribution rate was 3. 60%. The reasons for the decision not to have the second child were high cost of childbearing（ 270 cases,43. 54%）,difficulty of childhood education（ 152 cases,24. 52%）,influence of individual career development（ 105 cases,16. 94%） and stress from parents（ 92 cases,14. 84%）. Conclusion The women of childbearing age in community have a higher fertility desire for twochild. There are many influencing factors of fertility desire,marital status,only-child and economic status are important factors.

关 键 词：育龄妇女 生育意愿 影响因素 

分 类 号：R17[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]