由“使用权”而“劳动者的个人所有制”:物联网时代社会主义“全民共建共享”所有制建构的进程  

From “Usufruct” to “Workers' Individual Ownership”: On the Ownership Construction of Socialist “Co-Construction and Sharing” by the Whole People in an Internet-of-Things Age

作　　者：刘方喜[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院文学研究所

出　　处：《毛泽东邓小平理论研究》2017年第1期69-76,共8页Studies on Mao Zedong and Deng Xiaoping Theories

摘　　要：与由"创客"而"全面发展的个人"的主体建构进程相对应,由"使用权"而"劳动者的个人所有制"体现的是物联网时代社会主义全民共建共享的所有制建构进程——"大众创业,万众创新"战略与此相关,而共享生产资料,乃是人人共建、创业、创新必要的客观基础,当下正在推进的混合所有制改革,对此似应予以充分重视。不同于大工业在生产资料积聚化中"所有权"支配"使用权"被强化、生产方式集约化的趋向,新兴物联网生产方式呈现出分散化新趋势,而这又与生产资料碎片化、"所有权"支配"使用权"开始被弱化这种所有制结构演变态势密切相关。物联网高度的联通性有助于"广泛汇聚民智",而弱化"所有权"对"使用权"的支配、推动生产资料碎片化使其最终落实到劳动者个人手中,则有助于"最大激发民力"。这是在当代新情况下进一步解放和发展生产力的需要,同时也有助于推进生产资料向"劳动者的个人所有制"演进,进而推进社会主义全民共建共享的进程。深刻领会习近平全民共建共享论的精神实质,具有重大理论和现实意义。The paper lays out a discussion over relevant issues concerning the reform of ownership structure on the basis of Xi Jinping's statement of 'Co-Construction and Sharing' as a major innovation in historical materialism as well as theories of the production mode in an Internet-ofThings age. In parallel with the construction from 'makers' to 'comprehensively developed individuals', the transformation from 'usufruct' to 'workers' individual ownership' demonstrates the ownership construction of socialist 'co-construction and sharing' by the whole people in an Internet-of-Things age,with which the strategy of 'Mass entrepreneurship and Innovation' is related. Sharing production means is the materialistic basis for co-construction,innovation and entrepreneurship. Therefore, the ongoing mixed ownership reform shall include this phenomenon. Unlike the dominance of 'ownership' over'right to use' and the trend of centralized production mode, the emerging means of production in an Internet-of-Things age(maker,3D printing, and etc.)exhibits a new trend for decentralization, which is closely relevant to the evolving structure of ownership featured by decentralized means of production,weakened dominance of 'ownership' over 'right to use'. The high connectivity of the Internet-of-things helps to 'widely accumulate mass wisdom', weaken the dominance of 'ownership' over 'right to use', facilitate workers' obtaining production means through its decentralization, and inspires public power. It is necessary to further productivity liberation in the new situation and helpful in stimulating the migration of production means to 'workers' individual ownership' and promoting the ownership construction of socialist 'co-construction and sharing' by the whole people. Thoroughly studying the essence of Xi Jinping's statement of 'co-construction and sharing' carries a profoundly theoretic and realistic significance in this sense.

关 键 词：全民共建共享 物联网 劳动者个人所有制 使用权 混合所有制 

分 类 号：F042[经济管理—政治经济学]