贵妃鸡与麒麟鸡微卫星遗传多样性研究  

Genetic Diversity of Princess Chicken and Frizzle Chicken Inferred from Microsatellites

作　　者：黄勋和[1] 张金枫 陈洁波[1] 李威娜[1] 钟福生[1] 杜炳旺[2] 

机构地区：[1]嘉应学院生命科学学院,广东梅州514015 [2]广东海洋大学农学院,广东湛江524088

出　　处：《中国畜牧杂志》2017年第2期30-35,共6页Chinese Journal of Animal Science

基　　金：种广东省自然科学基金项目(2014A030307018);嘉应学院"创新强校工程"项目(CQX019);嘉应学院重点科技计划项目(2015KJM03);广东省科技计划项目(2015A020208020;2016A030303068);国家科技基础条件平台-特种动物子平台建设(201520)

摘　　要：以岭南黄鸡为参照,利用微卫星位点检测贵妃鸡和麒麟鸡的遗传多样性,评估群体遗传资源现状。结果表明:26个微卫星位点在30个贵妃鸡、40个麒麟鸡和30个岭南黄鸡个体中共检测到197个等位基因,每个位点的等位基因范围为3个(MCW0037、MCW0165、MCW0098)~19个(LEI0234),平均7.58;总体平均期望杂合度为0.6816,平均观察杂合度0.5625,平均多态信息含量0.6327;岭南黄鸡的遗传多样性最高,麒麟鸡次之,贵妃鸡最低;3个群体均偏离了哈迪-温伯格平衡;贵妃鸡和麒麟鸡的群体内近交系数高于岭南黄鸡,表明前者的近亲交配事件较频繁;麒麟鸡群体内的遗传分化系数(均值0.2433)和岭南黄鸡(0.2281)大于贵妃鸡(0.0359),表明后者的有效群体较小。在后续的品种选育工作中应当加强亲本亲缘关系的评估,提高选育群体的有效数量,尽量减少近亲交配。The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic diversity and genetic resources status of Princess chicken and Frizzle chicken, using microsatellite loci and use of Lingnan chicken for inferred samples. A total of 197 alleles was detected from 30 Princess chicken, 40 Frizzle chicken and 30 Lingnan chicken in 26 microsatellite loci. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 3（MCW0037, MCW0165 and MCW0098） to 19（LEI0234）, with an average of 7.58. The mean expected heterozygosity, observed heterozygosity and polymorphic information content were 0.6816, 0.5625 and 0.6327, respectively. Lingnan chicken had the highest levels of genetic diversity, Frizzle chicken had the second one and Princess chicken had the lowest one. All these three chicken populations were deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The inbreeding coefficient within population of Princess chicken and Frizzle chicken was higher than that in Lingnan chicken, suggesting that high inbreeding events in former breeds. The genetic divergence coefficient within population of Frizzle chicken（0.2433, mean value） and Lingnan chicken（0.2281, mean value） was higher than that in Princess chicken（0.0359, mean value）, indicating that small effective population size in latter breed. Our results suggested that evaluation of genetic relationship for breeding need to be reinforced in the future, as well as to increase the effective parental population and to decrease inbreeding as possible.

关 键 词：微卫星 多态性 贵妃鸡 麒麟鸡 岭南黄鸡 近交 

分 类 号：S831.2[农业科学—畜牧学]