不同精料水平对荷斯坦奶公牛消化率、血液指标、瘤胃发酵和生长性能的影响  

Effect of Concentrate Levels on Digestibility,Blood Parameters,Rumen Fermentation and Growth Performance of Young Chinese Holstein Bulls

作　　者：夏传齐[1] 邵陶祺 王长水[1] 曹兵海[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物科技学院,北京100193

出　　处：《中国畜牧杂志》2017年第2期85-90,共6页Chinese Journal of Animal Science

基　　金：国家肉牛牦牛产业技术体系基金(CARS-38);南方地区草食家畜育肥与高品质肉生产技术研究基金(201303144)

摘　　要：本试验研究不同精料水平对奶公牛消化率、血液指标、瘤胃发酵和生长性能的影响。选择16头荷斯坦奶公牛为试验动物,随机分为4组,每组4头牛,分别接受一种日粮精料水平(体重0.8%、1.0%、1.2%和1.4%)。结果表明:CP和NDF采食量随日粮精料水平的提高而增加,且各处理组间差异显著(P<0.05)。1.4%与1.2%精料组CP表观消化率显著高于0.8%组(P<0.05)。血液中总蛋白浓度1.2%精料组显著高于0.8%和1.0%组(P<0.05)。0.8%精料组瘤胃液氨态氮浓度显著低于其他3组(P<0.05),1.2%精料组的乙酸浓度,乙酸:丙酸比例显著高于0.8%水平组(P<0.05);1.4%和1.2%精料水平组的丙酸浓度、总VFA显著高于0.8%精料水平组(P<0.05)。试验牛日增重随精料水平提高而提高,且差异显著(P<0.05)。综合各指标可知,对于育成期奶公牛,1.2%精料水平为适宜的营养水平,有利于提高肉牛的采食量和对养分的消化率,充分发挥生长性能和提高饲养效率。The objective of the study was to investigate the effect of dietary concentrate levels on nutrition digestibility, blood parameters, rumen fermentation and growth performance of Chinese Holstein bulls.Sixteen bulls were randomly allocated to four groups and given different levels of concentrate（0.8%, 1.0%, 1.2% and 1.4% of the body weight）. Results showed that the CP and NDF intake were significantlyincreased as the dietary concentrate level increased（P〈0.05）.Bulls which received the 1.4% and 1.2% concentrate diets had significantly higher apparent digestibility of CP compared with the 0.8% diet treatment（P〈0.05）. Blood total protein concentration of bulls fed the 1.2% concentratediet was higher than those in the 0.8% and 1.0%treatments（P〈0.05）.Compared with the other dietary treatments,bulls which received the 0.8% concentrate diet had significantly lower ruminal NH3-N concentration（P〈0.05）. Acetate concentration and acetate：propionate ratio of bulls fed the 1.2% diet were higher than those in the 0.8%treatment（P〈0.05）; Bulls received the 1.4% and 1.2%diets had significantly higher propionate and total VFA compared with the 0.8%dietary treatment. Daily weight gain of the experimental bulls was significantly increased as the concentrate level in the diet increased（P〈0.05）. In conclusion, 1.2%diet concentrate level was theproper nutrition level, which could increasenutrientsintake and digestibility, ultimatelyimprove the feeding efficiency and growth performance of Chinese Holstein bulls.

关 键 词：日粮精料水平 表观消化率 血液指标 瘤胃发酵 生长性能 中国荷斯坦奶公牛 

分 类 号：S823.5[农业科学—畜牧学]