高推力密度离子推力器研究  

Research on High Thrust Density Ion Thruster

作　　者：赵以德[1] 张天平[1] 郑茂繁[1] 吴宗海[1] 孙运奎[1] 杨福全[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州空间技术物理研究所,真空技术与物理重点实验室,兰州730000

出　　处：《真空》2017年第1期14-16,共3页Vacuum

摘　　要：离子推力器是一种先进的空间推进技术,由于其高比冲,长寿命等特性而获得了广泛的应用,但是受其束流密度的限制,其推力密度也受到限制。然而在轨道转移、深空探测主推进等应用需求中,不但要求其比冲高,还要求其推力大,以缩短航天器轨道转移和巡航时间。受航天器的体积和功率限制,大推力要求离子推力器在一定比冲下具有较高的推力密度。为了提高离子推力器的推力密度,以25cm离子推力器为研究对象,通过改善离子推力器束流平直度和栅极可引出最大束流密度,有效提高了平均束流密度。试验结果显示在3500s比冲下,平均束流密度达到75A/m2,推力密度达到4.1N/m2。Ion thrusters were wildly applied for possessing high specific impulse and long service life. However, there were restrictions for beam current density. Higher specific impulse and larger thrust were required for orbit emplacement and deep space exploration so as to reduce the time of orbital transferring and cruising. Restricted by the size and the power of the spacecraft, ion thruster with larger thrust density is needed for higher thrust under the same specific impulse. A 25 cm diameter ion thruster was researched to improve thrust density. The average beam density can be enhanced by improving the thruster beam current density uniformity and maximum extraction beam current density. The primary test results show that the average beam density can reach to 75 A/m2 and the thrust density can reach to 4. 1N/m2 under 3500s specific impulse.

关 键 词：离子推力器 高束流密度 高推力密度 束流平直度 栅极可引出最大束流密度 

分 类 号：V439[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]