波浪作用下柔性植物带内流速分布特性研究  

Research on the characteristics of flow velocity distribution in the flexible vegetation zone under wave action

作　　者：沈小雄[1,2] 陈家贵[1] 胡旭跃[1,2] 李佳[1] 周灿[1] 吴叶舟[1] 

机构地区：[1]长沙理工大学水利学院,长沙410004 [2]湖南省水沙科学与水灾害防治重点实验室,长沙410004

出　　处：《水动力学研究与进展（A辑）》2017年第1期96-101,共6页Chinese Journal of Hydrodynamics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51079009)~~

摘　　要：该文基于波浪水槽物理模型试验,研究了不同波浪条件下,最大水平流速的垂线流速分布特性。与无植物时的垂线流速对比,提出了水平流速衰减系数,分析了其特性。与无植物区相比,各断面在柔性植物的影响下垂线流速均有所减小;在柔性植物带内,上部冠层区的流速减小,植物带越长减小越显著;近底处的流速沿程先减小后增大再减小。随着来波波高的增大,各断面与无植物时的流速差缓慢增大,流速减小区域有下移的趋势。植物带中和植物带后的实测值与衰减理论值的流速衰减系数均沿水深向上变化规律基本一致,沿程变大,实测值的垂线分布趋于均匀且近底处的流速衰减系数增大更加明显。Based on the physical modeling experiment in a water flume, the characteristics of vertical flow velocity distribution at the maximum horizontal flow velocity were investigated under different wave conditions. Compared with the vertical flow velocity under non-vegetated condition; the horizontal velocity attenuation coefficient was proposed, and its characteristics were analyzed. In comparison with the non-vegetated zone, the vertical flow velocity on each cross-section decreased under the influence of flexible vegetation. In the flexible vegetation zone, the flow velocity in the upper canopy zone decreased, and such decrease became more obvious with the lengthening of the vegetation zone; the near-bottom flow velocity first decreased, later increased and then decreased along the way. With the increase of wave height, the difference between vertical flow velocity on each cross-section under vegetated condition and the flow velocity under non-vegetated condition slowly increased, and the zone with velocity decease tended to move downward. The values measured in and behind the vegetation zone both changed upward along the water depth in a way basically consistent with the change in the velocity attenuation coefficient of theoretical value, and these values increased along the way. The vertical distribution of measured values tended to be uniform, and the near-bottom velocity attenuation coefficient increased more significantly.

关 键 词：柔性植物 断面流速分布 二阶斯托克斯波 波高 衰减系数 

分 类 号：TV871.1[水利工程—水利水电工程]