辣木梗叶对奶牛生产性能及血浆生化、抗氧化和免疫指标的影响  

Effects of Moringa oleifera Leaves and Peduncles on Production Performance,and Plasma Biochemical,Antioxidant and Immune Indexes in Dairy Cows

作　　者：张幸怡 林聪[1] 李洋[1] 王一臻 高红[1] 张广宁[1] 姜鑫[1] 徐宏建[1] 张永根[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学动物科学技术学院,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2017年第2期628-635,共8页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家奶牛产业技术体系(CARS-37)

摘　　要：本试验旨在探究辣木梗叶替代基础饲粮中50%苜蓿对泌乳奶牛生产性能及血浆生化、抗氧化和免疫指标的影响。选取8头产后100~150 d,经产,体重、胎次、产奶量相同或相近的健康的荷斯坦奶牛,每4头为1组分为2组进行交叉试验。试验(A)组饲喂用辣木梗叶替代基础饲粮中50%苜蓿的试验饲粮,对照(B)组饲喂基础饲粮。试验分2期进行,每期18 d,其中前15天为预试期,后3天为试验期。采集血样及奶样,并记录干物质采食(DMI)量和产奶量。结果表明:1)与B组相比,A组奶牛的DMI显著增加(P<0.05),产奶量有升高的趋势(0.05≤P<0.10),且显著提高了乳蛋白率、乳蛋白产量和乳总固形物含量,有降低乳体细胞数的趋势(0.05≤P<0.10);2)A组奶牛血浆中胆固醇(CHOL)和甘油三酯(TG)的含量显著低于B组(P<0.05),碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性与游离脂肪酸(NEFA)含量有下降的趋势(0.05≤P<0.10);3)与B组相比,A组显著提高了奶牛血浆中总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)以及抑制羟自由基能力(P<0.05),显著降低了血浆中丙二醛(MDA)含量(P<0.05),显著提高血浆中免疫球蛋白G(Ig G)的含量(P<0.05)。因此,辣木梗叶在一定程度上可促进奶牛生产性能的提高,预防乳房炎的发生,改善奶牛血浆生化指标,提高奶牛机体抗氧化能力和免疫功能,可作为优质粗饲料应用于奶牛的生产实践。The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of Moringa oleifera leaves and peduncles replaced 50% alfalfa in basal diet on production performance, plasma biochemical, antioxidant and immune indexes in lactating dairy cows. Eight healthy and multiparous Holstein cows （ same or similar in body weight, parity and milk production, at 100 to 150 d after deliver） were allocated to two groups and make a crossover trail. Cows in experimental （A） group were fed diet which Moringa oleifera leaves and peduncles replaced 50% alfalfa in a basal diet, and those in control （B） group were fed the basal diet. There were two periods in this study, and each period had 15 days of pretrial period and 3 days of trail period. Blood and milk samples were collected, and dry matter intake （DMI） and milk production were recorded. The results showed as follows： 1 ） compared with B group, DMI in A group was significantly increased （P〈0.05）, and milk production had a tendency to rise （0.05 ≤P〈0.10）, and A group significantly improved milk protein rate, milk protein yield and milk total solid content, while milk somatic cell count had a tendency to decrease （0.05 ≤ P〈 0.10 ） ; 2） the contents of cholesterol （CHOL） and triglyceride （TG） in plasma of A group were significantly lower than those of B group （P〈0.05）, and alkaline phosphatase （ALP） activity and non-esterified fatty acid （NEFA） content of A group had tendencies to decrease （0.05≤P〈0.10） ; 3） compared with B group, A group not only significantly improved total antioxidant capacity （ T-AOC ） and inhibition of hydroxyl radical capacity in plasma （P 〈 0.05 ）, significantly decreased the content of malonaldehyde （MDA） in plasma （P 〈 0.05）, and significantly increased plasma content of immunoglobulin G （IgG） （P〈 0.05 ）. In conclusion, Moringa oleifera leaves and peduncles can promote the improvement of production performance of dairy cows to a certain extent, prevent the

关 键 词：辣木梗叶 奶牛 生产性能 血浆生化指标 抗氧化指标 免疫功能 

分 类 号：S826[农业科学—畜牧学]