CB与6-DMAP诱导香港牡蛎三倍体的效果比较  

Comparative studies on triploidy induction using CB and 6-DMAP in Crassostrea hongkongensis

作　　者：秦艳平[1,2,3] 张跃环[1,3] 周颖力 武祥伟[1,2,3] 彭敏 喻子牛[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南海海洋研究所,中国科学院热带海洋生物资源与生态重点实验室,广东省应用海洋生物重点实验室,广东广州510301 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]南海生物资源开发与利用协同创新中心,广东广州501275 [4]广西水产科学研究院,广西南宁530021

出　　处：《水产学报》2017年第2期250-257,共8页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：广东省科技厅项目(2013B020201002,2014B020202011);国家贝类产业体系建设专项(CARS-48)~~

摘　　要：以三倍体率、卵裂率、D幼率、生产成本等为指标,比较了CB、6-DMAP两种化学试剂诱导香港牡蛎三倍体的效果,研究了试剂浓度、诱导时机、诱导持续时间及受精卵密度等4种因素对香港牡蛎三倍体的诱导效应。结果显示,在温度28~30°C、盐度15~25,受精卵密度为2.0×10~8个/L条件下,采用0.5 mg/L的CB在受精后15~18 min处理,诱导持续时间为20 min,可产生100%三倍体;合子的卵裂率为53.16%~63.00%,D形幼虫孵化率为47.32%~53.09%,诱导效率指数为0.47~0.53,生产成本为260元/L。相同条件下,采用浓度为75~100 mg/L的6-DMAP处理,诱导持续时间为20~25 min,受精卵处理密度4.5×10~7个/L,可产生62.52%~72.36%的三倍体;合子的卵裂率为60.00%~66.25%,D形幼虫孵化率为74.43%~90.00%,诱导效率指数为0.47~0.65,生产成本为139~185元/L。综合比较两种方法,6-DMAP诱导方法更加适合用于大规模的香港牡蛎三倍体苗种生产。本研究为香港牡蛎多倍体育种提供了研究数据与实践经验。Triploid of Crassostrea hongkongensis was induced by blocking the second polar body release by cytochalasin B（CB） and 6-dimethylaminopurine（6-DMAP）, and we compared the two methods in the aspects of triploid rate, cleavage rate, velar larvae gain, cost and so on. The effects of the concentration of CB or 6-DMAP,induced occasion, induced duration and zygote density on inducing triploid C. hongkongensis were also discussed.The results showed that： when oyster zygotes were fertilized at 28–30 °C and salinity at 15–25, and dealt with 0.50mg/L CB began at 15–18 min, post fertilization lasted 20 min, and incubated density of zygote when treatment was about 2.0×108 ind/L. These were optimum conditions under which triploid of C. hongkongensis was induced by CB. In this case, triploid yield was 100%, cleavage rate was 53.16%–63.00%, velar larvae gain was47.32%–53.09%, the efficiency of triploid induction was 0.47–0.53, and the cost was 260 RMB/L. The surrounding when fertilization, and induced occasion was the same as those in CB, but oyster zygotes were dealt with 75–100 mg/L 6-DMAP last 20–25 min, and incubated density of zygote when treatment was about 4.5×107ind/L. These were optimum conditions of triploid of C. hongkongensis was induced by 6-DMAP. In this case,triploid yield was 62.52%–72.36%, cleavage rate was 60.00%–66.25%, velar larvae gain was 74.43%–90.00%, the efficiency of triploid induction was 0.47–0.65, and the cost was 139–185 RMB/L. Through comprehensive comparison between CB and 6-DMAP, we could draw the conclusion that 6-DMAP was more applicable in triploid production of C. hongkongensis than CB. This study provided the basic theory and practical experience for polyploidy breeding in oyster.

关 键 词：香港牡蛎 三倍体 CB 6-DMAP 

分 类 号：Q343.2[生物学—遗传学]