太湖地区不同秸秆还田方式对作物产量与经济效益的影响  

Influence of different ways of straw incorporation on crop yield and economic benefit in the Taihu Lake Basin

作　　者：孙小祥[1,2,3] 常志州[1] 靳红梅[1] 沈明星[4] 陆长婴[4] 王海候[4] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,江苏南京210014 [2]中国科学院流域地理学重点实验室,江苏南京210008 [3]盐城师范学院城市与规划学院,江苏盐城224007 [4]江苏太湖地区农业科学研究所,江苏苏州215155

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2017年第1期94-99,共6页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：江苏省博士后科研资助计划项目(1501080C);中国科学院流域地理学重点实验室开放基金项目(WSGS2015007);江苏省农业科技自主创新基金项目[CX(12)1002];江苏省青年基金项目(BK20160445)

摘　　要：2007年秋季至2014年,在太湖地区稻麦轮作农田进行连续8年不同秸秆还田方式的定位试验,研究秸秆不还田(CK)、稻秸还田(R)、麦秸还田(W)和稻麦秸全还田(RW)对作物产量和经济效益的影响。结果表明,秸秆还田方式与年限对作物产量的影响存在显著差异,秸秆还田初期,稻秸还田(R)和稻麦秸全还田(RW)降低小麦产量,不同秸秆还田方式对水稻产量影响不显著。长期秸秆还田后,小麦、水稻产量均有所增加。秸秆还田初期,农户收入减少,但从长期来看,秸秆还田普遍提高农户的经济效益,且有逐年增加的趋势。从农户收益来看,稻秸还田(R)和稻麦秸全还田(RW)的增收作用更加显著。A long-term experiment（ 2007-2014） was conducted in a rice-wheat rotation field in the Taihu Lake Basin to evaluate how different ways of straw incorporation influence crop yield and economic benefit. The straw incorporation was set as no straw incorporation（ CK）,rice straw incorporation（ R）,wheat straw incorporation（ W）,both rice and wheat straw incorporation（ RW）. The results showed that there was a significant difference in the effect of ways and time duration of straw incorporation on crop yield. Although straw incorporation had a certain reductive effect on the current crop yield,it effectively improved crop yield in the next season. After longterm straw incorporation,crop yield increased in all seasons.Grain number per panicle was the dominant factor affecting wheat yield, while rice yield was mainly contributed by by1 000-grain weight and panicle number. Straw incorporation reduced the income of farmers in the early stage. From a long-term perspective,economic benefit for straw incorporation was an increasing year after year. Treatments R and RW played a more significant role in raising farmers＇ income.

关 键 词：秸秆还田 稻麦轮作 产量 经济效益 

分 类 号：S314[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]