空间集聚、企业动态与经济增长:基于中国制造业的分析  

Spatial Agglomeration, Firm Dynamics and Economic Growth: An Analysis Based on China's Manufacturing Industries

作　　者：邵宜航[1] 李泽扬[1] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学经济学院

出　　处：《中国工业经济》2017年第2期5-23,共19页China Industrial Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目"供给侧结构性改革视域下的社会结构与经济增长研究"(批准号16ZDA007);国家自然科学基金面上项目"我国二元经济背景下的增长与发展研究:城市化的视角"(批准号71273216)

摘　　要：本文通过理论分析与实证检验的结合及构建新的空间集聚指标,深入考察企业的空间集聚对企业动态以及经济增长的影响。首先,拓展相关理论模型,对企业空间集聚如何通过影响企业创新、进入与退出等动态演变,进而作用于经济增长的影响与传导机制进行了理论解释。进一步,利用中国工业企业数据库中制造业企业的经纬度地理坐标信息,构建了刻画城市企业空间集聚程度的新指标,从城市层面对理论分析进行了计量检验。数据检验支持了理论分析的主要结论:中国城市中制造业企业空间集聚对新企业进入和制造业增长均呈现"倒U型"影响,其影响企业进入的拐点值略小于制造业增长的拐点值。同时,数据分析显示,在本文分析的数据时间段内,多数城市制造业企业空间集聚的负面效应更为显著。据此,本文也进行了简要的现实意义讨论。In this paper, we discuss the influences of firms＇ spatial agglomeration on firm dynamics and economic growth by combining a theoretical analysis with an empirical test and constructing a new agglomeration index. Firstly, we develop a theoretical model to give an explanation on how firms＇ spatial agglomeration affects economic growth via firm dynamics such as firms＇ innovations, entry and exit. Then we use the information of manufacturing firms＇ longitude and latitude in the Chinese industrial enterprise database to construct a new index to describe the spatial agglomeration of firms in each Chinese city. We apply the econometric tests at the city level to verify the main analysis conclusions in the theoretical model. We conclude that manufacturing firms＇ spatial agglomeration has inverted U-shaped effects on firm entry and manufacturing growth in China＇s cities and that the infection value of its effect on firm entry is lower than the infection value of its effect on manufacturing growth. Especially, we find that the negative effect of manufacturing firm＇s spatial agglomeration is more significant in most China＇s cities during the period that we observe. At last, we discuss the practical significance of this research in brief.

关 键 词：空间集聚 创新 企业动态 经济增长 

分 类 号：F424[经济管理—产业经济]