硫酸焙烧稀土矿氯化钙直接浸出氯化稀土工艺研究  

Study on New Technology for Direct Leaching of Rare Earth Chloride from Sulfate Roasting Rare Earth Ore

作　　者：田皓[1,2] 许延辉[1,2] 马升峰[1,2] 张丞[1,2] 刘铃声[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]稀土冶金及功能材料国家工程研究中心,内蒙古包头014030 [2]包头稀土研究院,内蒙古包头014030

出　　处：《稀土》2017年第1期66-71,共6页Chinese Rare Earths

基　　金：内蒙古科技厅重大专项(2015B1882);内蒙古自然基金重大专项(2016ZD03)

摘　　要：研究了以氯化钙溶液为浸出剂,从硫酸焙烧混合型稀土矿中直接浸出氯化稀土溶液的新工艺,实现硫酸稀土溶液无需萃取转型直接转化为氯化稀土溶液的目标。考察了氯化钙溶液浸出过程中浸出条件对稀土浸出率和钍浸出率的影响规律,并通过改变浸出温度、搅拌速度、浸出时间、固液比和浸出剂浓度等反应条件,得出浸出反应的最优工艺条件:浸出温度:40℃,搅拌速度:300 r/min,浸出时间:30 min,固液比:1∶4,浸出剂浓度:2 mol/L。在最优工艺条件下,又进行了硫酸焙烧矿的三级逆流浸出六次循环试验,稀土浸出率大于92%,钍的浸出率大于75%,浸出渣中钍的含量小于0.03%,为混合型稀土焙烧矿的浸出工艺提供新思路。With calcium chloride as leaching agent,this paper researched the new technology for direct leaching of rare earth chloride from sulfate roasting rare earth ore. This new technology transformed rare earth sulfate directly into rare earth chloride without extraction. The conditions affecting the rare earth and thorium leaching ratio in the process including leaching temperature,stirring speed,leaching time,ratio of solid to liquid and concentration of calcium chloride were investigated. The results indicated that the leaching temperature was 40 ℃,stirring speed was 300 r / min,leaching time was 30 min,ratio of solid to liquid was 1： 4 and concentration of calcium chloride was 2 mol / L. Under the optimal process conditions,three times of countercurrent and six times of circular reactions were investigated and results showed that the rare earth leaching rate was greater than 92%,the thorium leaching rate was over than 75%,and thorium content in slag was less than 0. 03%. The new idea was provided for mixed rare earth roasted ore leaching process.

关 键 词：硫酸焙烧 稀土矿 氯化钙 氯化稀土 浸出 

分 类 号：O614.33[理学—无机化学]