2014-2015年苏州市5岁以下儿童病毒性腹泻病原学分析  

Etiological analysis of viral diarrhea in children aged< 5 years in Suzhou,2014-2015

作　　者：杭惠 刘成[1] 

机构地区：[1]苏州市疾病预防控制中心,江苏苏州215004

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2017年第5期815-818,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：苏州市医学重点学科(编号:Szxk201516)

摘　　要：目的了解苏州市5岁以下儿童病毒性腹泻病原体的分布情况,为病毒性腹泻的防治提供科学依据。方法收集2014年1月至2015年12月苏州大学附属儿童医院因腹泻住院的5岁以下儿童的粪便标本,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测轮状病毒(HRV),用聚合酶链反应(PCR)和逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测杯状病毒(Hu CV)、肠道腺病毒(EAd V)及星状病毒(Ast V)。结果 737份样本中,HRV、Hu CV,EAd V、Ast V阳性率分别为28.09%、17.23%、3.12%、1.63%,其中混合感染36份。男、女患儿病毒检出率差异无统计学意义(=0.211,P=0.646);12~18月龄患儿病毒检出率最高(62.11%),其次为18~24月龄(60.66%),不同年龄组病毒检出率差异有统计学意义(=46.764,P<0.001);病毒检出高峰集中在10月至次年1月,不同月份病毒检出率差异有统计学意义(=159.291,P<0.001);207份HRV阳性样本中病毒毒株G分型以G9型为主,占86.47%,P分型以P8型为主,占93.24%。结论HRV和Hu CV是引起苏州市5岁以下儿童病毒性腹泻的主要病原体;病毒检出高峰集中在秋冬季,易感人群以2岁以下的儿童为主;HRV主要血清型为G9型、主要基因型为P8型。Objective To understand the distribution of viral diarrhea pathogens in children aged 5 years in Suzhou city,and to provide evidence for its prevention and control. Methods Stool samples were collected from diarrheal children aged 5years hospitalized in Children ＇s Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University from January 2014 to December 2015. Human rotavirus（ HRV） was detected by using ELISA kit. Polymerase chain reaction（ PCR） and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction（ RT-PCR） were conducted to detect calicivirus（ Hu CV）,enteric adenovirus（ EAd V） and astrovirus（ Ast V）. Results The positive rates of HRV,Hu CV,EAd V and Ast V were 28. 09%,17. 23%,3. 12% and 1. 63% in 737 samples respectively,36 of them were a mixed infection. The detection rate of the virus in male and female patients had no significant difference（ c2=0. 211,P = 0. 646）. The virus detection rate of 12 ~ 18 months age group was the highest（ 62. 11%）,and the second was 18 ~24 months old（ 60. 66%）. The difference was statistically significant in different age groups（ c2= 46. 764,P 0. 001）. The peak of virus detection was concentrated in October ~ next January,the difference was statistically significant（ c2= 159. 291,P 0. 001）. Among the 207 HRV positive samples,rotavirus G9 was the most prevailing G serotype（ 86. 47%）,and P8 was the most common P genotype（ 93. 24%）. Conclusion HRV and Hu CV were the main pathogens of viral diarrhea in children aged 5 years in Suzhou. Virus detection peak concentrated in autumn and winter,and children aged 2 years were most susceptible to viral diarrhea. Rotavirus G9 was the most prevailing G serotype and P8 was the most common P genotype.

关 键 词：病毒性腹泻 病原学 轮状病毒 杯状病毒 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]