传统乡村聚落空间形态及演变研究——以黔中屯堡聚落为例  

Research on Spatial Evolution of Traditional Settlements:The Case Study of Qianzhong Tunpu

作　　者：杜佳[1,2] 华晨[1] 余压芳[2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学建筑工程学院,浙江杭州310000 [2]贵州大学建筑与城市规划学院,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《城市发展研究》2017年第2期47-53,共7页Urban Development Studies

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目"贵州喀斯特山区少数民族传统村落空间演进研究"(批准号:51468006);国家自然科学基金资助项目"基于大数据平台和文化基因视角的贵州传统村落保护与发展关键技术研究"(批准号:51568011);贵州省科技基金计划项目"喀斯特山区传统乡村聚落空间形态结构特征研究--以贵州省典型区域为例"(黔科合J字[2015]2038号)

摘　　要：对黔中屯堡聚落传统空间特征及发展演变阶段进行总结,梳理了当代屯堡聚落空间的演化路径,包括就地城镇化,衰退型和扩张型。并借助乡村聚落空间研究理论及量化方法,对比屯堡聚落传统区域与新建区域及整体形态的变化,得出扩张型屯堡聚落空间形态近年演变的特征:屯堡聚落边界形态由团状向指状拓展为主,新建区域空间肌理与原有空间差异较大,聚落空间结构性、整体性、致密性降低,建筑地域特征弱化。认为传统屯堡聚落围绕"防御"及"明清汉族文化"的空间组织机制已瓦解,交通便利性和个体价值成为左右近年空间组织的主要因素,而文化的自我认同、村民自组织机制、复杂的宅基地产权划分以及各级保护政策从一定程度上缓解了传统聚落空间的衰退。最后对屯堡聚落空间的未来发展进行了思考。The paper summed up the evolution settlement and traditional spatial features of Qianzhong tunpu. It disentangled evolutionary path about the settlement of contemporary tunpu. Quantitative and qualitative comparisons were made in traditional core region, new region of recent years and whole space of Qianzhong tunpu settlement with rural settlement special research theory and quantization method. Several discoveries were found： boundary form was mainly finger extension; space texture of new region was different from that of original space; settlement space and regional features were weak in structural aspect, integrity, compactness. Spatial organization mechanism of traditional tunpu settlement about ＂ defense＇ and ＂ Han culture of the regions south of the Yangtze River＇ had collapsed. Transportation convenience and individual worth become the main factor of the spatial organization. To some extend it slowed to the recession of settlement space in cultural identification, rural villager autonomy, complex division of residential real estate right and protection policy at all levels. At last, the future of tunpu settlement space was considered in this paper.

关 键 词：传统聚落 黔中 屯堡聚落 空间形态 空间演变 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]