浇水与施氮肥对烟粉虱成虫趋性的影响  

The effects of water and nitrogen fertilizer on the food preferences of Bemisia tabaci adults

作　　者：宋海燕[1] 李丽莉[1] 于毅[1] 卢增斌[1] 张安盛[1] 周仙红[1] 李文强[2] 门兴元[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所,济南250100 [2]山东农业大学植物保护学院,泰安271018

出　　处：《应用昆虫学报》2017年第1期135-140,共6页Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology

基　　金：山东省自然基金项目(ZR2014YL019);山东省农业科学院创新工程团队(CXGC2016A09);山东省博士基金(ZR2016CB21)

摘　　要：[目的]探讨土壤浇水与施氮肥对烟粉虱Bemisia tabaci成虫趋性的影响,为通过调节水肥控制烟粉虱种群数量提供理论依据。[方法]设置250、500、750、1 000 mL/盆4个浇水处理和0、0.23、0.46、0.92 g/kg 4个氮肥浓度处理,测定棉花上烟粉虱的成虫数量和叶片含水量。[结果](1)浇水、施氮肥以及两者交互作用对烟粉虱趋性都有显著影响;(2)浇水1 000 mL和施肥0.92 g/kg处理的烟粉虱数量最多(202头/株);(3)经赋值排序后,浇水量对烟粉虱趋性顺序为1 000 mL>750 mL>500 mL>250 mL;施氮肥对烟粉虱趋性顺序为0.23 g/kg>0.92 g/kg>0.46 g/kg>0 g/kg;(4)叶片含水量与浇水量、施氮量呈正相关,烟粉虱数量与浇水、施氮肥呈正相关,与叶片含水量呈正相关。[结论]浇水和施氮肥会加重烟粉虱的发生,要通过合理的水肥管理措施,控制烟粉虱的危害。[Objectives] To investigate the effects of water and nitrogen fertilizer on the host preferences of Bemisia tabaci adults in order to provide a theoretical basis for the control of B. tabaci by regulating the amounts of water and fertilizer provided to its host plants. [Methods] Four watering levels （250, 500, 750 and 1 000 mL/pot） , and four nitrogen concentration levels （0, 0.23, 0.46 and 0.92 g/kg） were evaluated, giving a total of 16 treatments. B. tabaci abundance was monitored and leaf water content measured. [Results] （1） Host preferences of B. tabaci were significantly influenced by water quantity, nitrogen quantity, and the interaction between these two factors. （2） Host plants treated with 1 000 mL of water/pot/week and 0.92 g/kg nitrogen attracted the most B. tabaci adults; 202 adults per plant. （3） Water and nitrogen treatments could be ranked in attractiveness to B. tabaci as follows： Water; 1 000 mL〉750 mL〉500 mL〉250 mL, nitrogen; 0.23 g/kg 〉0.92 g/kg〉0.46 g/kg〉0 g/kg. （4） There were positive correlations between leaf water content, water, nitrogen, and between B. tabaci abundance, water, nitrogen, and leaf water content. [Conclusion] B. tabaci abundance increased with the amount of water and nitrogen fertilizer provided to host plants, which suggests that it may be possible to reduce the degree of crop damage caused by this pest by regulating the amount of water and nitrogen fertilizer applied to host plants.

关 键 词：浇水 氮肥 烟粉虱 趋性 叶片含水量 

分 类 号：S435.62[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]