电动钢轨打磨车恒力磨削控制方法的研究  

Research on the control of the constant-milling-force for the electric-rail-milling train

作　　者：刘真[1] 周严[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学机械工程学院,南京210094

出　　处：《国外电子测量技术》2017年第1期38-42,共5页Foreign Electronic Measurement Technology

摘　　要：电气驱动的钢轨打磨装置在磨削过程中钢轨不平顺、振动等强干扰因素的影响下会产生磨削力的波动,导致打磨精度的下降。为了有效抑制打磨压力的波动,本文基于矢量控制原理设计了用于稳定打磨电机转速的电机调速系统;基于干扰估计器(负载转矩估计器)和系统在线逼近模型(小波神经网络"无延迟负载——电流"模型)设计了控制磨削力稳定的Smith预估控制器。仿真结果表明:相比PID控制,本文设计的控制器能够实现阶跃输入的无超调、无振荡的快速跟踪响应;另外,控制器对外界强干扰的抑制作用明显,整个控制过程中反映磨削力波动情况的打磨电机主轴电流的波动幅度很小。Because of the influence of track irregularity and vibration,the milling force of the electrical drive rail-milling equipment will fluctuate in the milling process.It may lead to the decline of the milling precision.To restrain the fluctuation of the grinding pressure,a controller which consists of two parts was designed.Based on the principle of vector controlling,the motor speed control system used to stabilize motor speed was designed.Based on a＂disturbance estimator＂（load-torque estimator）and＂system online identification model＂（a＂no time delay load-current model＂based on＂wavelet neural network＂）,the＂smith-controller＂used to stabilize the milling force was designed.The simulation result indicates that：compared with PID control,the controller designed in this paper could achieve a fast tracking and response of the step input without overshoot and oscillation.And in the whole control process the current of the grinding motor,which reflects the grinding force,waves within a small scale.And it shows that the controller could restrain the external interference effectively.

关 键 词：钢轨磨削 矢量控制 恒定磨削力 SMITH预估控制 

分 类 号：TP271.4[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] TN9[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]