基于SAFE方法的钢轨梳状传感器激励特定模态导波研究  

Research on Excitation of a Particular Mode Guided Wave in Rail by Comb Transducer Based on SAFE Method

作　　者：胡剑虹[1] 唐志峰[2] 蒋金洲[3,4] 吕福在[5] 潘晓弘[5] 

机构地区：[1]中国计量大学机电工程学院,浙江杭州310018 [2]浙江大学数字技术及仪器研究所,浙江杭州310027 [3]中国铁道科学研究院铁道建筑研究所,北京100081 [4]中国铁道科学研究院高速铁路轨道技术国家重点实验室,北京100081 [5]浙江大学现代制造工程研究所,浙江杭州310027

出　　处：《中国铁道科学》2017年第1期37-42,共6页China Railway Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51275454;61271084);浙江省自然科学基金资助项目(LQ16E050001);国家创新平台开放基金资助项目(2015YJ004);浙江省"仪器科学与技术"重中之重学科开放基金资助

摘　　要：为实现在钢轨中激励特定模态的导波,采用半解析有限元(Semi-Analysis Finite Element,SAFE)方法建立钢轨的SAFE模型,推导沿钢轨传播导波的控制方程,计算导波在钢轨中传播的相速度和群速度;根据导波在钢轨中传播的相速度频散曲线确定梳状传感器的工作点,设计能够在钢轨中激励特定模态导波的梳状传感器。将设计的梳状传感器布置在5.5m长的60kg·m-1钢轨上,根据实测钢轨的回波信号端面波包计算的32和64kHz导波群速度分别为2 583和2 750m·s-1,与利用钢轨SAFE模型计算所得的理论群速度2 626和2 734m·s-1相比,分别只相差1.64%和0.59%,说明建立的钢轨SAFE模型计算精度高,设计的梳状传感器能够实现特定模态导波的激励。In order to excite a particular mode guided wave in rail,the Semi-Analysis Finite Element（SAFE）method is adopted to build the SAFE model for rail.The governing equation of guided wave propagating in rail is established.The phase velocity and group velocity of guided wave in rail are calculated.The working point of comb transducer is determined based on the phase velocity dispersion curves,and the comb transducer for exciting aparticular mode guided wave is designed.The designed comb transducer is fixed in a 5.5mlong 60kg·m^-1 rail.The group velocities of 32 and 64kHz guided waves are calculated from the measured the end wave packet of echo signals,which are 2 583 and 2 750m·s^-1 respectively,and are compared with the theoretical results of 2 626 and 2 734m·s^-1 calculated by SAFE model.The differences are only 1.64%and 0.59%respectively,which illustrates the accuracy of SAFE model and the feasibility of the particular mode guided wave excitation by comb transducer.

关 键 词：钢轨 无损检测 导波 模态 半解析有限元 频散曲线 梳状传感器 

分 类 号：U213.43[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]