大猿叶虫生活史特性的地理变异  

Geographical variation of life-history traits in the cabbage beetle,Colaphellus bowringi(Coleoptera:Chrysomelidae)

作　　者：邹超[1] 肖亮 何海敏[1] 曾奕[1] 薛芳森[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学昆虫研究所,南昌330045 [2]新建区松湖镇农业技术推广综合服务站,江西新建330107

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2017年第1期60-66,共7页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31260430)

摘　　要：【目的】比较不同地理种群生活史特性的差异,是揭示生物体对环境适应机制的最有效方法之一。本研究旨在探明大猿叶虫Colaphellus bowringi不同地理种群生活史特性随纬度变异的特点。【方法】在室内恒温19℃、光周期16L∶8D条件下,观察测定了来自6个不同纬度的大猿叶虫种群从卵孵化到化蛹和化蛹到成虫羽化的时间,以及蛹和成虫体重。【结果】幼虫历期随纬度的升高逐渐延长,生长速率与纬度呈负相关,这两个生活史特性显示了顺梯度的变异。蛹历期在种群间没有显著差异。体重随纬度的升高逐渐减小,显示了反贝格曼法则。在所有的种群中,雌性蛹和成虫个体均显著大于雄虫,显示了雌性偏向的性体型二型性(SSD)。不同纬度的种群SSD指数存在差异,中纬度种群显示了最大的SSD指数。雄蛹在变态中比雌蛹丢失了更多的体重,导致成虫期的SSD指数大于蛹期。【结论】结果表明,大猿叶虫幼虫发育历期、生长速率和体重在不同纬度间呈现了显著变异。【Aim】Comparison of life-history traits among different geographical populations is one of the most effective methods for revealing how insects have evolved to adapt to their local environments. This study aims to understand how life history traits of the cabbagem beetle,Colaphellus bowringi vary with latitude. 【Methods】The developmental time from egg hatching to pupation and from pupation to adult eclosion,and pupal and adult weight of six geographical populations of C. bowringi from different latitudes in China under constant temperature 19℃ and a photoperiod of 16L∶ 8D were examined in the laboratory. 【Results】The larval duration increased gradually with increasing latitude,and the growth rate was negatively correlated with latitude,showing co-gradient variation in the two traits. However,the pupal duration was not significantly different among different geographical populations. Body weight decreased gradually with increasing latitude,showing a converse Bergmann cline. The sizes of female pupae and adults were significantly larger than those of males in all populations,showing female biased sexual size dimorphism（ SSD）. The SSD index varied with the latitude,with the highest value at middle latitude. Furthermore,male pupae lost significantly more weight at metamorphosis compared with females,so the SSD index was higher in the adult stage than in the pupal stage. 【Conclusion】The results indicate that the larval duration,growth rate and body weight of C. bowringi vary significantly with latitude.

关 键 词：大猿叶虫 纬度 发育历期 生长速率 体重 性体型二型性 

分 类 号：Q968[生物学—昆虫学]