山东省单县2014-2015年越冬蚊调查  

Investigation on overwintering mosquitoes in Shanxian,Shandong,2014-2015

作　　者：赵海洲 赵阳媚 郭秀霞[3] 史琦琪 胡延平 王海防[3] 王怀位[3] 程鹏[3] 

机构地区：[1]单县疾病预防控制中心,山东菏泽270000 [2]单县中心医院,山东菏泽274300 [3]山东省医学科学院,山东省寄生虫病防治研究所,山东济宁272033 [4]济宁高级职业学校,山东济宁272100

出　　处：《中国热带医学》2017年第2期139-142,共4页China Tropical Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.81271877,81201318);济宁市科技发展计划项目(No.2014jnyf09);山东省医药卫生科技发展计划项目(No.2015WS0265)

摘　　要：目的掌握山东省单县越冬蚊虫的种类、密度及分布情况,为制定有效的灭蚊措施提供依据。方法 2014年12月上旬—2015年3月下旬,选择越冬蚊虫的主要栖息场所,每旬1次,采用目测法估算越冬蚊虫密度,并使用电动吸蚊器捕捉成蚊,带回实验室解剖,观察蚊虫体内脂肪体累积和卵巢发育的情况。结果连续12次调查共捕获成蚊2318只,均为淡色库蚊,其中,蔬菜棚和垃圾房的越冬蚊虫最多,公共厕所最少;调查发现1月上旬雄蚊开始消失,3月中旬重新出现;2月下旬雌蚊体内脂肪体沉积骤减,3月中旬开始消失;3月上旬起捕捉到吸血雌蚊和卵巢发育的雌蚊。结论山东省单县地区淡色库蚊以雌性成蚊越冬为多,灭蚊应从3月份开始为好,并根据实际制定好越冬蚊的控制措施。Objective To understand the species,density and distribution of overwintering mosquitoes in ShanxianCounty,Shandong Province,so as to provide the evidence for formulating effective mosquito eradication measures. Methods The main overwintering habitats of mosquitoes were selected as surveillance sites. The investigation was conducted every ten-day from early December 2014 to late March 2015,and the ocular estimate method was employed in the survey. Somephysiological properties of the mosquitoes were detected. Results Totally 2 318 mosquitoes were captured in the 12 consecutive surveillances and all of them were Culex pipiens pallens. The highest positive rate of mosquitoes appeared invegetable greenhouse and garbage room,while it was the lowest in public toilets. The male mosquitoes disappeared in earlyJanuary and reappeared in middle March. The accumulation of the fat body in the female mosquitoes plummeted from lateFebruary,and disappeared in middle March. The blood-sucking female mosquitoes and the female mosquitoes with ovariandevelopment were captured from early March. Conclusion The adults of female C. pipiens pallens can overwinter in ShanxianCounty,Shandong Province. The mosquito eradication should start from March,and according to the actual state,we shouldformulate the control measures for overwintering mosquitoes.

关 键 词：越冬 蚊虫 密度 单县 

分 类 号：R384.11[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]