生物膜反应器同步去除氨氮和铁锰的工艺特性研究  

Process characteristics of simultaneous removal of ammonia nitrogen,iron and manganese by biofilm reactor

作　　者：冯惠[1] 王威[1] 杜茂安[1] 崔福义[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学市政环境工程学院,哈尔滨150090 [2]哈尔滨工业大学城市水资源与水环境国家重点实验室,哈尔滨150090

出　　处：《给水排水》2017年第3期29-35,共7页Water & Wastewater Engineering

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07408-001)

摘　　要：为考察生物预处理技术对水质安全性的提升效果,研究了生物膜反应器同步去除氨氮和铁锰的工艺特性。结果表明,气水比为1.0时,当原水中COD_(Mn)平均浓度为2.0mg/L、NH_3—N负荷小于3.4mg/L时,HRT为20min即可保证出水NH_3—N达标;当原水中COD_(Mn)浓度为2.0~2.5mg/L、NH_3—N负荷为3.4~4.9mg/L时,HRT为40min即可保证出水NH_3—N达标;当原水水质污染程度加深,则需适当延长HRT。反应器对铁离子的去除范围为20.16%~48.49%,对锰离子的去除范围为25.59%~68.43%,生物膜对铁锰的氧化能力普遍低于其硝化能力。扫描电镜能谱分析和分子生物学技术分析表明生物膜立体空间结构将铁锰离子吸附于其上,进而通过铁锰细菌生物氧化去除,铁锰细菌与硝化细菌共存,保证三者的同步去除在生物预处理单元初步实现。In order to investigate the effect of biological pretreatment on the safety of water quality, the process characteristics of simultaneous removal of ammonia nitrogen, iron and manganese by biofilm reactor were studied. When the ratio of air-water was 1.0, the average concentration of CODMn in raw water was 2.0 mg/L and NH3 -H loading was lower than 3.4 mg/L, HRT of 20 min could ensure the effluent NH3-H meet the standard, when the concentration of CODMn in raw water was 2. 042. 5 mg/L and NH3 -H loading was 3. 4-4. 9 mg/L, HRT of 40 min could ensure the effluent NH3 -H meet the standard; when the pollution degree of raw water was deepened, the HRT should be prolonged. The removal range of Fe was 20.16%-48. 49% and 25.59 %-68.43% for Mn, and the oxidizing capacity of Fe and Mn was lower than that of nitrification. Scanning electron microscopy analysis and molecular biology analysis showed that three-dimensional structure of biofilm adsorbed Fe and Mn firstly, and then removed by biooxidation of FeOB and MnOB. FeOB, MnOB and nitrifying bacteria coexisted to ensure the simultaneous removal of the three contaminants in the unit of biological pre-treatment.

关 键 词：悬浮填料生物膜反应器 同步去除 硝化作用 铁氧化菌 锰氧化菌 

分 类 号：TU991.6[建筑科学—市政工程]