OsUreD基因突变对水稻生长及其氮素营养生理的影响  

Impact of OsUreD Mutation on Rice Growth Phenotype and Nitrogen Nutritional Physiology

作　　者：秦淼晶 杨阳 曹凤秋[3] 杨超 李常军 程海兰 于颖 李迪秦[1] 郑华斌[1] 彭晓燕 WITTE Claus Peter 刘来华[1,2] QIN Miaojing YANG Yang CAO Fengqiu YANG Chao LI Changjun CHENG Hailan YU Ying LI Diqin ZHENG Huabin PENG Xiaoyan WITYE Claus Peter LIU Laihua(College of Agriculture Sciences, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128 College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193 Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032 Institute of Tobacco Research of Chongqing, Chongqing 400716 Plant Pretective and Quarantine Station of Agricultural Bureau of Baojing in Hunan Province, Hunan Baojing 416500, China Berlin Free University, Berlin 14195, Germany)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院,长沙410128 [2]教育部植物与土壤互作重点实验室,中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100193 [3]中国科学院上海植物生理生态研究所,上海200032 [4]重庆市烟草公司科技处,重庆400716 [5]湖南省保靖农业局植保植检站,湖南保靖416500 [6]柏林自由大学,德国柏林14195

出　　处：《中国农业科技导报》2017年第3期9-16,共8页Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(Y333ZA1D11);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20134320110015);中国烟草重庆公司科技计划基金(NY2 0140401070017)资助

摘　　要：植物细胞中,脲酶活性的存在使得尿素经水解后能够成为可被直接利用的铵态氮。脲酶的活性需要金属镍离子的活化,同时也需要三种脲酶辅助蛋白UreD、UreG及UreF的协同作用。本文对T-DNA插入的水稻脲酶辅助蛋白基因Osured突变体的农艺性状、氮素营养生理以及相关的酶活性变化进行了较详细的研究,结果表明,种子萌发1~7d,Osured突变体中的脲酶活性未发生明显变化,但显著低于野生型约60%~80%;精氨酸酶活性显著增加,高于野生型约30%~40%。在水稻幼苗期和分蘖期,突变体则表现出生长受到抑制而植株矮小(其株高、根长显著低于野生型)、分蘖减少,脲酶活性也明显低于野生型约60%~90%。由此表明,OsUreD的功能对维持水稻正常脲酶活性的必要性;该基因的突变导致植物中脲酶及精氨酸酶活性改变等氮代谢途径的紊乱,可能是突变体水稻生长受阻以及分蘖数减少的重要分子生理学因子。The existence of urease activity in plant cells makes hydrolize urea into ammonium that can be directly used by the plant.It has been reported that the activity of rice urease needs both the activation by nikel ion and co-ordination of three anncessory proteins i.e.Ure D,Ure G and Ure F.In this work,the agronomic traits,nitrogen nutritional physiology and related enzymes＇ activity were investigated in a rice Osured mutant,where Osured was deleted by a T-DNA insertion.This research revaled that during the seed germination of 1 - 7 d,the urease activity inthe mutant remained relatively stable and 60% - 80% lower than that of in wildtype（WT）,but the activity of arginase increased by 30% - 40% as compared to the WT.At the seeding-and tillering-stage,the mutant line exhibited an obvious growth inhibition with being small in size,e.g.lower plant-height and root length,reduction in tiller numbers,and reduced urease activity by 60% - 90%.These results suggested that Os Ure D encoding protein should be critical for rice urease activation.Nitrogen metabolic disorder associeted with alteration of the activity of urease and arginase in the Osured mutation might be an important molecular physiological factor responsible for the supression of rice growth and tillering.

关 键 词：水稻 OsUreD 脲酶 氮素代谢 

分 类 号：Q78[生物学—分子生物学]